Excerpts

The pooled results align with findings from another systematic review of 286,804 children and adolescents (2 to 18 years) living in 33 countries, which found that the prevalence of skipping breakfast ranged from 10–30%, with an increasing trend in adolescents, especially girls [ 26 ].

This is not confirmed by our results, even though the malnourished patients and those at risk of malnutrition showed a trend towards higher NT-proBNP.

The KEKS group showed a trend of increase, however, the results were nonsignificant, while the BD, KSMCT, and KE groups also showed no significant change in motor performance.

Indeed, the highly significant effect on maximum hip-/leg-extensor strength as determined by an isokinetic leg press after one year (~30 ± 15%) [ 16 ] might confirm the low sensitivity of handgrip strength for resistance training-induced strength changes.

Regular consumers of cheese (more than once a week, 330/747 (44.2%)) did not have higher median UIC than those who ate it less often (never or up to once a week, 89/747 (12%)), however, although the former showed a trend towards higher values ( Figure 3 ).

Some authors have pointed to a clear trend among Spanish young people in abandoning the Mediterranean diet and lifestyle [ 49 ].

There was no significant main effect for either the omega-3 PUFA alpha linolenic acid (ALA; Figure 1 D, p = 0.067) or omega-6 PUFA linoleic acid (LA; Figure 1 F, p = 0.076), as both slightly missed significance.

An inverse association between 25-OH-cholecalciferol levels and risk of acute respiratory failure in critically ill patients has been observed, being most convincingly significant for subjects with 25-OH-cholecalciferol <25 nmol//L [ 92 ].

A clear trend to reduction of IL-6 expression was observed in mice treated with mix 2 (−64%) or mix 3 (−56%) compared to vehicle-treated mice, although these findings were non-significant ( Figure 7 ).

Although the serum folate level showed a trend for positive association with lung function parameters in males, no significant correlations were observed in females. 4.

However, a positive trend for those aged ≥20 years old is that they were significantly more likely to refer to sources of DS information that were published by the government (i.e., Health Canada and Statistics Canada).

Although the insulin level had an increasing trend, HOMA-IR increased and McAuley Index decreased during the treatment, there was a decrease in HbA1c level.

Stratification on the basis of diabetes status showed that the association between CML intake and MOFs in subjects with T2DM (OR = 1.38 (0.97–1.98, p = 0.08) is marginally non-significant although the effect size is quite high.

Four studies (2 LT and 2 LR studies) found a significant difference between the groups [ 41 , 43 , 44 , 45 ], 1 LT study showed a trend favoring perioperative pro-/synbiotic use to reduce infection rates postoperatively [ 39 ].

all show a clear trend in an increased use of caffeine in athletes in the monitoring program.

Moreover, data suggested a possible preference for the transport of lactosyl lysine and glucosyl lysine-modified peptides amongst all samples, as the percentage of these peptides showed an increasing trend on the basolateral side compared to the digest ( Supplementary Materials: Figures S4 and S5 ).

Participants consuming kiwifruit showed a trend of improvement in mood disturbance, significantly decreased fatigue, and significantly improved well-being after two weeks of the intervention.

In line with these findings, the paired analysis of beta diversity in OB patients before and after NI indicated a trend toward significance.

The influence of hypohydration on the stress response was not significant based on alpha-amylase secretion rate ( Figure 7 ) and concentration ( Figure 8 ), but activity was trending towards significance ( Figure 9 ).

found marginally non-significant decreased risk of incident nuclear cataract associated with each unit increase in total HEI score (OR = 0.95 (95% CI: 0.87–1.01); P trend = 0.08).

There was a significant trend of increasing incidences of hypovitaminosis D with decreasing ages with the incidence lowest in the elderly age group (56–65) and highest in the youngest age group (26–35) ( p < 0.001) ( Table 2 ).

It has to be noted that a significant trend in vitamin B 12 increase was observed between the intervention groups, even though the green-MED dieters were instructed to avoid red/processed meat and their diet was further fortified with Mankai shake and green tea.

A rarely observed phenomenon in creatine supplementation protocols with competitive athletes is the improvement in speed, which was quite significant in the group ingesting MgCr-C.

In the nutritional counseling group, we observed SBP decreases, while in the individualized dietary prescription group, the reduction was relevant but of marginal significance.

Metabolite values were analyzed in both baseline plasma samples and samples collected following the six-month dietary intervention to consider both metabolites that could predict the response to diet and those that changed in response to diet or weight loss.Eight metabolites changed over the intervention at a nominally significant level: D-pantothenic acid, L-methionine, nicotinate, aniline, melatonin, deoxycarnitine, 6-deoxy-L-galactose, and 10-hydroxydecanoate.