Excerpts

However, the exposed area of the naked alloy exhibited a decreasing trend as the contact time increased.

In comparison with Figure 4 a, a similar phenomenon is observed in Figure 4 b; however, the separating area exhibits an increasing trend.

In the 400 °C to 500 °C temperature range, weight loss is due to the decomposition of Ca(OH) 2 , and as hydration progresses with curing age, all specimens exhibited an increasing trend in weight loss in this temperature range.

As shown in Figure 5 , the Vickers hardness of the novel alloy in the ST state was about 164 HV, while it reached about 359 HV in the SHT state, indicating that the strengthening effect of the fine γ′ particles precipitating during the standard heat treatment was extremely significant. 3.2.

For a short age of 28 days, when the GGBS content is low (10% and 20%), the compressive strength shows a slight increase, and with a further increase in GGBS content, the compressive strength shows a decreasing trend.

The results also indicated that the splitting tensile strength shows an increasing trend over time.

In Figure 14 s,t, the behavior of the homogenized transverse compressive strengths ( σ y c h ) reveals an interesting trend.

The majority of incident energy is reflected and transmitted, leading to a decreasing trend in energy absorption efficiency as the strain rate increases. 3.5.

Notably, in the last test where a plasticizer was used, the maximum accumulated temperature was reduced by approximately 19.3 °C, almost 30%, which is quite significant.

Their p -values were all less than 0.01, making them highly significant.

The compaction levels met the testing requirements, the surface deflection values showed a decreasing trend, and the deformation resistance was good, consistent with the general development patterns of semi-rigid sub-bases.

However, our results demonstrated that the amount of each ion released from S-PRG showed a decreasing trend from the start of measurements until the 28th day ( Figure 6 ), which is consistent with the tendency of the acid buffering capacity to gradually decrease with each daily measurement, resulting in a decrease in the pH value ( Figure 4 ).

In contrast, the FM of UBT/Filler (24/76) increased significantly, while the higher filler contents in UBT/Filler (26/74) and FBF also showed an increasing trend in FM after immersion.

In the cross-section, the fibrous sheath exhibits an increasing trend from IB to OB, opposite to the variation in porosity.

Table 3 highlights these differences with the use of Equation (5): (5) % Difference = value of the second method - value of the first method value of the first method × 100 % As shown in Table 3 , the differences between the mixes are relatively small in terms of viscosity, but quite significant in terms of yield stress.

It can be seen from these figures that the UCS of the samples shows an increasing trend with the increase of PLI and BTS.

The results reveal a clear trend across all samples, where compressive strength generally increases as the material ages.

As shown in Figure 15 , 3424 cm −1 is the peak associated with carbamate, and the overall peak area at this position shows a decreasing trend, indicating that the structure of the polyurethane hardness part has been damaged.

However, with the increasing number of cycles, both quality and strength exhibited a decreasing trend.

As the rubber replacement rate increases, the peak load in the figures exhibits a decreasing trend, consistent with experimental findings.

The data analysis in Table 1 indicates that the unit cell parameters of the doped ceramics showed a decreasing trend with increasing samarium concentration.

Conversely, the stiffness modulus demonstrated a decreasing trend with increasing asphalt content, indicating reduced structural rigidity and heightened fatigue damage at higher asphalt percentages.

However, as the environment changed from a room temperature environment to a simulated seawater environment, the necking phenomenon gradually weakened, the section shrinkage rate showed a decreasing trend, and the brittleness increased.

The lattice parameter, determined using the Nelson–Riley (N–R) extrapolation method, showed an increasing trend with higher Zr 4+ content, which can be attributed to the larger ionic radius of Zr 4+ (0.86 Å) compared to Cr 3+ (0.755 Å).

With an increase in the RCA substitution rate, the compressive strength of pervious concrete showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the permeability coefficient tended to decrease and then increase, which was similar to most research conclusions [ 17 , 18 ].