Excerpts

In these studies, a decreasing trend in geometric density was determined when CTW content increased, indicating a lower reactivity of CTW compared to fly ash or flash calcined metakaolin.

This effect results from the comprehensive action of the flame retardants in this combination, i.e., their effect in the gas phase, which is supported by charring in the condensed phase—a factor that is highly significant in slowing down fire kinetics.

Ironing spacing shows a decreasing trend as the spacing value increases.

[ 23 ] found that both the static and dynamic compressive strengths of RAC showed a decreasing trend with an increasing RCA substitution rate.

They show a clear trend: optical and photonic materials are increasingly described not only by their intrinsic properties, but also by the functions they can be designed to perform.

A similar trend is observed in flexural performance; at low concentrations (≤10 wt%), they exhibit a positive trend.

To address this issue, chloride ingress into concrete can be analyzed by considering only the diffusion zone where the concentration profile exhibits a decreasing trend [ 29 , 49 ].

Direct aging treatment of the as-extruded AE45-Gd magnesium alloy revealed that, as aging progressed, the number of Al 11 RE 3 (La, Ce, Gd) particles exhibited an overall trend of initially increasing and then decreasing, reaching a maximum at peak aging.

An increasing trend was also observed in hardened concrete density, with mean 28-day increases of approximately 1.12% for CS1 and 5.84% for CS2, relative to the control mixture.

In this test, the fractal dimension of the crack propagation path shows an increasing trend with the loading level.

At a fixed flowability, the water-to-solid ratio exhibited an increasing trend with an increase in GGBS fraction, rising from 0.337 ± 0.017 at 0% GGBS to 0.375 at 18% GGBS.

With the increase in GGBS fraction, the compressive strengths of CLSM at all ages exhibited a decreasing trend, which was generally consistent with the fact that the early reaction rate is relatively low and strength development is limited under the low-cement condition with GGBS.

With increasing aging time, both groups showed a decreasing trend, but with different characteristics.

The increment reached a maximum of 86.8%, followed by a decreasing trend when the reaction was further prolonged to 2.5 h.

Thus, the differences among the groups may be significant in the clinical dehiscence defects which cannot maintain the graft materials easily, further study designs may be necessary in the future for confirmation.

Figure 3 shows that these differences in non-linearity are clearly significant.

Given this quite significant difference for porosity enhancement between the two protocols, the one described in the experimental part was strictly followed for all samples.

From this figure, we note an interesting trend.

estimated the trap depth for the entire lanthanide series as codopant, but did not find a clear trend ( Figure 12 b) [ 122 ].

There is a clear trend between the activation energy of degradation and the MWCNTs content of these samples.

In most cases, the PDEs for the target compounds exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing IC.

Flexural modulus for GF filled composites exhibited an increasing trend with increased filler content.

In particular, the pH-dependent QCM results ( Figure 1 ) suggest that the effects may be significant for the PEI(PAA/CHI) 5 films.

In recent years, there has been an increasing trend in the design and development of magnetic nanoparticles for bioanalytical applications [ 12 , 13 ].

Moreover, SiC with and without graphene inclusions showed a trend of increasing density with increasing processing temperatures, while porosity was found to decrease with increasing processing temperatures [ 92 ]. 4.