Excerpts

The potential needs for nanomaterials show an increasing trend [ 4 ].

AAMs/AAECs/control mortar FPcM/ECC showed a trend of mass gain at later ages (56d and 90d) under continuous water curing ( Table 3 ) and a trend of mass loss under ambient curing after 28 days ( Table 4 ).

Beyond 60 cycles, a decreasing trend in mass change led to mass loss ( Figure 4 ) associated with a decreasing trend of RDME values ( Figure 5 ) exhibiting freeze–thaw deterioration, which was supported by the decreasing trend of UPV ( Table 6 ).

Initially up to 60 cycles, UPV values showed an increasing trend for some mixes in both longitudinal/transverse directions and then showed a definite decreasing trend at a higher number of cycles of up to 300, exhibiting progressive freeze–thaw deterioration of specimens ( Table 6 ).

There is an increasing trend toward the adoption of functional toothpaste formulations for routine oral health maintenance.

M 6 C carbides with respect to the molybdenum content have a decreasing trend during the ferrite phase’s transformation to the austenite phase at approximately 800 °C.

From Figure 5 b, it can be seen that with an increase in the adhesive concentration, the dry and wet strength of wet wipes showed an increasing trend.

Mechanical Properties As shown in Figure 5 a, with the content increase in Lyocell fiber, the tensile strength of the web increased first and then showed a decreasing trend.

The nested design ANOVA results ( Table 2 ) revealed that the effect of CLT composition (wood species used in the panel) is highly significant, while the effect of lamellas within those panels did not significantly affect the MOR of the specimens.

With the increase in steel slag content, the Si-O-Si bridging oxygen quantity gradually increased, and the Al-O-Al, Al-O-Fe, Fe-O-Fe bridging oxygen quantity decreased obviously, while the Al-O-Si and Si-O-Fe bridging oxygen quantity showed a decreasing trend, but the decreasing quantity was very small.

With the increase in the SSP content, the porosity increased, and the macroscopic strength showed a decreasing trend.

The monoclinic phase decreased as the doping amount increased, but the Vickers hardness and flexural strength showed a decreasing trend due to the low relative density.

By observing the curves in the figure, we can understand that the peak intensity of the PNJ is basically in a decreasing trend with an increase of the truncation thickness d , but a certain degree of increase occurs at d = 5 μm and d = 7 μm.

An overall trend of exponential decline in the alite powder dissolution rate over the saturation degree of calcium hydroxide solution can be fitted.

After the Na + concentration reached the lowest point at 4 wt.% of 3ZT with a 19.4% reduction in leaching, as the 3ZT content continued to increase, the Na + concentration showed an increasing trend.

The microstructural changes in Figure 2 b–d indicate an increasing trend in the size of the α-phase precipitates inside the grains with the increasing aging temperature.

In Figure 9 b, the thickness of the α and/or α′ plates in the EBWed shows a decreasing trend in plate thickness from 1 to 17 mm depths due to the amount of α′.

However, the works do not analyze the changes in tensile mechanical properties as a function of surface roughness on thin-walled samples, where the contribution of the surface to the tensile strength may be significant.

The additional alloying of a TNZ alloy with tantalum (TNZT alloy) leads to an increase in the corrosion resistance of the alloy in the environment of biological fluids (e.g., saliva, biofilm, and fluoride) while maintaining (with a decreasing trend) a relatively low modulus of elasticity (E = 82 GPa) [ 88 ].

The wear resistance of the CrMnFeCoNi HEA coating showed a trend of first increasing, then decreasing, and finally increasing with increasing ZrC content.

When the strain rate decreases from 0.001 s −1 (domain 3), the density of dislocation shows a decreasing trend, as depicted in Figure 11 c.

Meanwhile, Cr(OH) 3 has a significantly smaller standard free energy [ 57 ], so it forms first on the surface of the passive film (reaction (7)), and Cr(OH) 3 subsequently occurs in reactions 8 and 9, producing CrO 4 2− and Cr 2 O 3 . (7) 4 Cr 3+ + 3 O 2 + 6 H 2 O + 12 e − → 4 Cr(OH) 3 (8) Cr(OH) 3 + 5 OH − → CrO 4 2− + 4 H 2 O + 3 e − (9) 4 Cr(OH) 3 + 4 Cr + 3 O 2 → 4 Cr 2 O 3 +6H 2 O The values of Cr 2 O 3 to Cr(OH) 3 ( Figure 10 a), Fe OX 3+ to Fe OX 2+ ( Figure 11 b), and Mo ions/Mo ( Figure 11 c) exhibited an increasing trend as the Mo content increased and the Cr content decreased.

The distinction in I c retention between the cut tapes from the REBCO or substrate side did not show a clear trend, suggesting it has an insignificant role in I c retention.

As shown in Figure 5 , overall, four types of asphalt mixture specimens were produced in the pre-abrasion period: the SMA-graded type of mixture anti-skid performance is better than the AC-graded type of asphalt mixture, under the action of the wind accumulation of sand; with the increase in the number of times of abrasion, the anti-skid performance has shown a decreasing trend, when the density of sand accumulation is smaller, the BPN value decreases significantly.

However, the inclusion of short fibers did not lead to highly significant improvements, as was the case with long fibers.