Excerpts

For example, system O-SSA50 showed an increasing trend in corrosion rate by 1.57 times compared to control.

There has been an increasing trend, recently, towards research on solid particle erosion wear; one of the types of surface damage, where eroding particles, of different dimensional sizes under various impact velocities and impingement angles, strike and affect the top surfaces of materials, thereby leading to material losses and functional variations [ 12 ].

Analysis of variance ( Table 5 ) for turbidity and BOD 5 removal shows that the fitted second-order response surface model was highly significant, with a significance value of Turbidity Signif = 0.0663 *** and BOD 5 Signif ≤ 0.01 ***.

Since the difference between the measured tunnel convergence and numerically analyzed results (vertical displacement) exhibited a clear trend of variation at different sections at removal stage 3, it was found that the actual impact on the deformation of subway structures was more significant at removal stage 3 compared with previous stages.

With the progress of the aging process, the shear strength of all surface finishes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

Due to lack of a clear trend, those differences could have been related more to sample diversity than to the effect of coating.

Figure 11 demonstrates that the ductility showed a trend towards diminishing, while incrementally introducing the anode–graphite powder into the binder bulk.

In the case of steel B, DCT generally has a positive trend, improving adhesive wear resistance by 10–65% (k = 0.1–1.6 × 10 −5 mm 3 /Nm).

Steel B wear rate results are in range of 0.5–7.0 × 10 −7 mm 3 /Nm, with DCT generally resulting in a negative trend.

There is an increasing trend in the occurrence of the cytopathic effect in A549 cells after the infection with RuV between 24 h and 48 h of incubation.

When cutting WJ, the width of the cutting gap on the inlet side of the waterjet into the material showed a decreasing trend with gradually increasing traverse speed of the cutting head.

With the increase in MnO content, the intergranular phase inhibited the growth of grains, so that the average grain size shown in Figure 2 e presented a decreasing trend.

In contrast, the softening point showed a decreasing trend.

The MOE of CFRBs shows a decreasing trend when the content of TBC decreases.

They observed that the capping diamond layer reduced the junction temperature and the temperature non-uniformity in the near-junction region across the channel; the efficiency of the capping diamond layer was also observed to increase with increasing thickness but with a decreasing trend.

In contrast, in the anodic process, its current showed a decreasing trend, indicating that the iron dissolution reaction was gradually reduced, which further explains the protection mechanism of the rust layer.

In the equipotential case, in the cathodic process, with the development of corrosion, its current presented an increasing trend, indicating that the rust layer involved in the reduction reaction was gradually increasing.

Figure 5 c–e shows that an increase in the laser beam size will result in a decreasing trend in the melt pool dimensions.

However, it is possible to draw some general observations based on the results: (1) increasing the SiO 2 content tends to increase the Δ H CS ; (2) increasing the TiO 2 content tends to slightly decrease Δ H CS ; and (3) increasing the CaO content tends to give an increasing trend of Δ H CS with a maximum around 9 mol%.

The Δ H CS generally has a decreasing trend with increasing TiO 2 content (see Figure S3 in the Supplementary Materials ).

Likewise, the analysis of the results obtained for the Gram-positive Streptococcus sanguinis strain showed a clear trend towards a reduction in bacterial adhesion with increasing exposure time and citric acid concentration ( Figure 6 b).

It can be seen that both curves have an increasing trend, which correlated with the increase in nano-reinforcement content.

In the case of k 2 and h coefficient values, there was an increasing trend of these parameters in the following series: La(III) > Pr(III) > Nd(III) > Ce(III).

Upon adding both reinforcements to Al matrix to form a hybrid nanocomposite, an interesting trend was observed.

Figure 2 a–d highlights a significant trend.