Excerpts

In contrast, under current-carrying conditions, two current levels (40 A and 80 A) were selected: (1) At 40 A, the contact temperature under both loads showed an increasing trend over time.

Water Stability Performance Test Results As shown in Figure 7 , the residual stability ( MS 0 ) values do not exhibit a clear trend of variation with increasing steel slag volume replacement ratio.

With the increase in the replacement amount of the mixed shell powder filler, the maximum bending strain of the specimen shows a decreasing trend, which indicates that the mixed shell powder filler will increase the material stiffness, which is not conducive to the low temperature stability of the asphalt mixture.

If the F value of a factor satisfies F > F 0.01 (3,3), this factor presents a highly significant effect on the test results, denoted by “***”; if F 0.05 (3,3) < F < F 0.01 (3,3), the factor has a relatively significant influence, denoted by “**”; if F 0.1 (3,3) < F < F 0.05 (3,3), the factor shows a marginally significant influence, denoted by “*”; if F < F 0.1 (3,3), the influence of the corresponding factor is non-significant.

Statistical analysis of the M/A constituents in the FGHAZ ( Figure 8 d) revealed a clear trend: both the volume fraction and average size of the M/A constituents decreased progressively with increasing wire Ni content.

A clear trend is observed across Matrix I–III, where increasing laser power density results in progressively greater changes in surface color.

When analyzed by build angle, CC showed a trend of 45° > 90° > 0°, while OT showed a trend of 90° > 45° > 0° ( Figure 6 C).

However, the absence of a clear trend with concentration reinforces the idea that under severe sulfate attack, B. subtilis acts primarily as a retarder of deterioration rather than as a sustained mechanical reinforcement, as it is especially sensitive to overdosing.

As the tempering temperature increased from 520 °C to 580 °C, the tensile strength and yield strength of the tested steel both presented a decreasing trend, and the elongation after fracture increased, while the impact absorption energy presented a decreasing trend, as shown in Figure 9 .

However, for the 04Cr13Ni5Mo, with the increase in tempering temperature, the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries presented an increasing trend, which was mainly related to the formation of reversed austenite during the tempering process.

With the tempering temperature increasing from 520 °C to 640 °C, the strength of the studied steel showed a trend of first decreasing, then stabilizing, and then decreasing again, while the plasticity showed a stable upward trend.

The elongation showed a decreasing trend, with the 6 wt.% composite exhibiting the lowest, significantly reduced elongation.

During the paving process of the asphalt pavement structure, the sensing geogrid strain and the corresponding optical fiber wavelength shift induced by a single rolling pass of the roller exhibit a decreasing trend with the increase in asphalt coverage thickness, and significant differences exist in the influence of different compaction equipment.

For the X0 section, the deviation exhibits an increasing trend from the middle region toward both ends, reaching a maximum value of 1.08 mm at the edges.

For all aged asphalt specimens, lg|G*| continued to decrease as the test temperature increased, while δ showed an increasing trend.

[ 118 ] reported that aging makes fibril formation more difficult, and there is a clear trend of decreasing in size and increasing in fibril formation time with aging.

In an O 2 atmosphere, both the breakthrough time and the breakthrough sulfur capacity are significantly improved, exhibiting an increasing trend.

A clear trend emerges: while constitutive memory capacity generally increases from Type II to Type IV architectures, the number of studies employing correspondingly demanding path-distinguishing validation procedures remains comparatively limited.

Microscopic observations also confirm that the type of phase change material used influences the morphology and degree of development of the microstructure of geopolymer foams, which may be significant for their performance properties. 4.

In these studies, a decreasing trend in geometric density was determined when CTW content increased, indicating a lower reactivity of CTW compared to fly ash or flash calcined metakaolin.

Ironing spacing shows a decreasing trend as the spacing value increases.

[ 23 ] found that both the static and dynamic compressive strengths of RAC showed a decreasing trend with an increasing RCA substitution rate.

They show a clear trend: optical and photonic materials are increasingly described not only by their intrinsic properties, but also by the functions they can be designed to perform.

An increasing trend of RMS surface roughness versus average coating grain size can be established, as depicted by Figure 6 .

In most cases, the PDEs for the target compounds exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing IC.