Excerpts

There is an extremely significant difference between A-HDMSN and S-MSN.

The following observations arise from the analysis of the two figures: - The graph in Figure 41 shows a clear trend: as the microhardness (HV) increases, the average roughness (Ra) also tends to grow in a roughly linear fashion.

There was a decreasing trend from the base to the middle of the tool, followed by a slight increase at the tip.

Similar behavior can be observed in all these results, namely a decreasing trend as the incorporation rate of recycled FN fibers increased.

A clear trend is observed: as the TiO 2 mass fraction increases, transmittance decreases while haze increases.

A clear trend is observed where the corrosion resistance of the HECFs improves progressively with increasing F c .

The improved structure exhibits significantly reduced line spectrum peaks near the 0.25 frequency, with peaks near 0.5 and 0.75 frequencies also showing a decreasing trend.

The installation method of a given white cast iron insert may be significant depending on the operational mode of the structural element.

Subsequently, the conductivity and density of the resulting single phase were measured, revealing the following results: the conductivity of the TiC x O y solid solution increases as the oxygen content is reduced, whereas the density shows a decreasing trend with lower oxygen levels.

A clear trend emerges when comparing the films’ roughness.

Aluminum content showed a decreasing trend with decreasing FA content—from 13.81% in the reference sample to 9.41% in the 50FA + 25S + 25A composite.

In recent years, the incorporation of mineral and mineral-organic fractions from recycling into geopolymer matrices has become a significant trend [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].

For both reflection coefficient determination methods, a clear trend was observed where lower values of this parameter corresponded to higher coating adhesion to the substrate.

As presented in Figure 16 , within the low-temperature range (−25 °C to 0 °C), the diffusion coefficients of Na + and Cl − do not display an obvious trend of change with increasing temperature.

With the increase in sodium silicate concentration, the pore size showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, while the porosity continued to decline.

In the third stage (600–800 °C), when the temperature reaches about 750 °C, the mass curve also has an obvious trend of decline, and the DTG curve also has a peak, which corresponds to the decomposition process of CaCO 3 .

The proportion of macropores and micropores showed an increasing trend, and the proportion of mesopores increased significantly.

In contrast, the GPII zone began to dissolve rapidly ( Figure 8 a–c), leading to a significant decrease in its number, with its dissolution rate also showing a decreasing trend.

The analytical results for Young’s modulus demonstrate a decreasing trend from 6.6725 GPa to 5.9036 GPa as the incremental variation in the segmental length ( l s ) from 4.41 mm to 4.71 mm.

In contrast to tensile strength, the Young’s modulus (E), a measure of material stiffness, exhibited an increasing trend.

It is essential to conduct a focused study based on its material characteristics and actual service conditions, and it is practically significant to investigate the mechanical properties and damage mechanisms of CSM under FT and scouring conditions.

The incremental mass loss of the material after 30 min scouring shows a decreasing trend, as prolonged scouring duration progressively removes the weakly adhered fine particles from the CSM, resulting in diminishing scouring losses.

mutans were consistent with the bacteria colony counting assay and showed a trend of decreasing live bacteria with increase in QANMA concentration in the resin system.

For such conditions, the frictional moment was often unstable (significant fluctuations over time), and a decreasing trend was observed.

AFt crystals, known for their strong water absorption due to containing abundant crystallization water and adsorbing large amounts of free water in their structural gaps, show an increasing trend in quantity as the substitution rate of quick-setting component in cementitious material rises, as evidenced by the enhanced relevant absorption bands.