Association between Levels of Indoor Particulate Matter with Heart Rate and Blood Pressure In the crude-model adjusted only for age and gender, there was a positive trend observed in HR with increasing exposure to each PM size fraction: an increase in one IQR for each of the exposure measures was associated with an approximate increase in HR of 3–4 bpm.
Indeed, investigating the association between influenza infection and vaccination during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk in a cohort study of 196,929 children born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Zerbo and colleagues [ 16 ] found that influenza vaccination anytime during pregnancy was not associated with ASD risk (the adjusted HR was of borderline significance: 1.10; 95% CI 1.00–1.21).
Specifically, a significant trend of I → II → III → IV was observed.
Contamination-level-assessment calculated by the geo-accumulation index (I geo ) showed that the pollution-level ranged from non-contaminated to extreme contamination, while the calculations of enrichment factor (EF) showed that EF values exhibited a decreasing trend: Cd > Hg > As > Pb > Cu > Co > Zn > Ni > Cr > V > Mn > Mg > Fe > Sr > Ba.
SOM generally showed a decreasing trend.
The overall trend of soil TN showed an increasing trend, with great seasonal variation.
Results from studies measuring health expenditure showed a trend toward higher expenditure for people with disabilities.
Disparities have been observed in receipt of the vaccine ever since it appeared on the market [ 18 ], and less than 35% of seniors overall have received ZVL [ 24 ], indicating that there may be significant barriers to receipt of the vaccine.
In essence, results showed a trend for teachers from the experimental group to report more adaptive strategies for coping with job stress and a tendency to evaluate challenging students in a more positive affective light.
Provincially, the incidence rate of Lyme disease shows an increasing trend from 2000 to 2016 [ 17 ].
The associations between PM 2.5 and admission for CHF were marginally significant for women (0.43%, 95% CI, −0.005–0.87%) and individuals aged ≥65 years (0.32%, 95% CI, −0.005–0.65%).
SCOD removal efficiencies showed an increasing trend from a maximum of 92% at 1.5 g/L d −1 OLR to approximately 80 to 70% between run VI and IX.
Today, forest cover in SDWSA is ~75% with a decreasing trend in recent years.
From 1987 to 2016, the urban area of Xiamen showed a trend of expansion.
The RGC showed an increasing trend, but there were obvious fluctuations, with three peaks in 1990, 1997, and 2006.
As a result of ongoing population growth and the economic expansion, there has been an increasing trend in the frequency of disasters and disaster losses in urban areas.
It has become an important trend to focus on and explore disaster risks.
Coefficients of the interaction item in Model 1 ( β = −0.07, p < 0.1) and Model 4 ( β = −0.10, p < 0.05) were negatively, marginally significant, which demonstrates that, compared with participants who had low trust, PCL-C score and arousal among participants with high trust were mitigated via exposure to media coverage about the disaster during the earthquake.
At Kangshan station, the mean water level of droughts changed slightly and the M-K algorithm did not detect a significant trend at different time intervals.
The association between removal of children and food insecurity was very strong and highly significant.
Although a decreasing trend in road injury mortality associated with the implementation of various road laws and preventive measures has been observed in a number of developed and developing countries over the last several decades, it remains an important cause of high disability and mortality that threatens the health and lives worldwide [ 3 ].
Higher socioeconomic status (SES) was inversely associated with BA, but a sex-specific difference was apparent.
At both these λ max , the absorbance showed a decreasing trend at all the three catalyst concentrations.
Average age-standardised mortality rates from neoplasms show an increasing trend in both studied populations ( Table 3 ).
In the three studied sub-periods in the town of Mali Lošinj, a decreasing trend in the number of deaths caused by diseases classified within chapter Diseases of the circulatory system (chapter IX, ICD–10) is found.