Excerpts

Compared with the previous Chinese children data, an increasing trend of BPA exposure in Chinese children might exist ( Figure 1 ), when ignoring the regional differences between Shanghai and Tianjin.

c-prop-manuscript no pmc-prop-legally-suppressed no pmc-prop-has-pdf yes pmc-prop-has-supplement no pmc-prop-pdf-only no pmc-prop-suppress-copyright no pmc-prop-is-real-version no pmc-prop-is-scanned-article no pmc-prop-preprint no pmc-prop-in-epmc yes pmc-license-ref CC BY In the last two decades, an increasing trend towards new forms of dental practice was observed.

Although patients in the study had fairly high baseline EtG values, since alcohol is among the most frequently reported secondary substance problems for drug addicts, the highly significant increase in alcohol consumption, especially among cannabis and cocaine users, observed during and after the lockdown can be attributed to the effects of the pandemic, as highlighted by other authors [ 32 , 33 , 34 ].

The time series of mean nationwide PM 2.5 concentration is reported in Supplementary Figure S3 of the SM , where a decreasing trend can be observed since 2006. 3.2.

Differences between the genders are highly significant and seem to vary according to the mix of variables active each winter.

It was found that Cu and Zn concentrations were highly correlated between them ( Figure 4 ), showing a similar pollution origin, probably due to anti-fouling paints [ 38 ], in such a way that, by linear regression analysis between Cu or Cu/Fe ratio and the rest of elements or element ratios, the following highly significant equations were found: (1) Cu = 0.577 × Zn + 0.101691 × Se (R 2 = 92.96%) (2) Cu/Fe = 0.575306 × Zn/Fe + 0.104448 × Se/Fe (R 2 = 93.32%) In the comparison of Cu concentrations in different coastal areas ( Table 3 ), the Vigo estuary has lower levels than the highly polluted areas of Xiangshan Bay (China; [ 39 ]) and the Yellow Sea (South Korea; [ 40 ]) and shows occasional higher copper levels than the Laoshan Bay (China; [ 41 ]) and the Gulf of Cádiz (South Spain; [ 42 ]). 4.

For perfluorononanoic acid, perfluorodecanoic acid and perfluoroundecanoic acid, we observed an increasing trend for women across Greenland.

In conclusion, there was a decreasing trend of the regulated POPs and metals but a potential increasing trend of the nonregulated PFASs in the Greenlandic population between 1994 and 2015.

reported that PFOS elicited a slightly increasing trend in Nuuk women during 1998–2005, while we found, after adjustment for age, a declining nonsignificant trend [ 61 ].

The statistical analyses were performed in SPSS software 26.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) with a significance level of p < 0.05 and p < 0.10 as borderline significance. 3.

The Sen’s Slope value map of the KB presents a decreasing trend from northeast to southwest.

There is also an increasing trend in the prevalence of children with ASD in Asia.

Introduction Meat and meat product consumption has registered an increasing trend since the early 1960s [ 1 ].

Since 2008, the variation coefficient of the comprehensive efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta showed a trend of fluctuating upward.

Table 4 shows that the power of dispersion coefficient showed an increasing trend and exceeded that of the primary and tertiary industries in 2010 and 2015; this trend is consistent with the conclusions drawn by Wang [ 41 ].

The results revealed that, although teachers’ autonomy satisfaction might be significant in explaining students’ engagement, need frustration might be a better predictor of this outcome.

In the riparian wet meadow ecosystem, field observations showed a trend of degradation, whereas the NDVI results showed an increasing trend.

Our results reveal that the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of each examined ecosystem type showed an increasing trend, in which anthropogenic impact was the primary driving force of vegetation change.

The percentage of pixels in this area that showed a decreasing trend (D) reached its highest (36.3%) in the sub-period 1997–2003 and lowest in the sub-period 2003–2007 (1.8%).

These changes have led to a clear trend of frequent changes in water regime in Poyang Lake since 2006; however, its influence on the succession of wetland vegetation community structures is not obvious.

The CIS has been reported to have high internal consistency and test-retest reliability and correlations with clinician and parent ratings of child impairment were both highly significant, supporting the construct validity of the measure [ 42 ].

Amongst men exposed to H 2 S and organic sulphides, there was a significant excess of cardiovascular deaths (37 deaths, standardised mortality ratio (SMR) 150, 95% confidence interval (CI) 105–206), due to an excess of coronary deaths which was not quite significant (25 deaths, SMR 150, CI 98–222).

Calculated GFR and ERPF were decreased in the preterm-born group, although these comparisons showed a rather borderline significance.

Chang, Davidson [ 51 ], also studying time as an interaction term, found no significant main effect between sex and time, or activity and time on cortisol, but noted that cortisol levels decreased significantly at the beginning of the interventions with a mild trend upwards during the intervention and posttest.

The first was to apply a decreasing trend from decade to decade using a ratio directly involving the production of asbestos contacting material (ACM) or dealing in ACMs, which was suggested by a previous study [ 15 ].