Excerpts

Except for a borderline significant effect for women who exercised 2–4 hours a day, this variable was not associated with an increased risk for SCC when controlling for other variables in the model.

They report that liking of advertising is marginally significant for males and insignificant for females.

Thus, while the result provided by least squares was highly significant, the instrumental variable approach did not show any evidence for a positive causal association of GGT on alcohol consumption. 5.

There was also a significant trend for most variables across the motivational stages.

There was an increasing trend in the number of previous quit attempts, an increasing trend in the opinion that smoking diminishes beauty, but no trend in the opinion that smoking makes someone attractive, and no trend in the assessment of the pictures as realistic.

A clear trend in the timing of the end of the pollen season, and therefore the overall length of the pollen season, has not been found.

Many of these records show an increasing trend in pollen concentration for important allergenic species such as birch ( Betula ) (e.g., Yli-Panula et al .

For both general population and organic consumption studies there may be significant heterogeneity with regard to the pesticides chosen for monitoring and the methods and LODs used.

Although variability is high, thus reflecting the importance of tobacco smoking and other etiologic agents that influence lung cancer incidence and mortality besides PM 2.5 , a positive trend is observed between PM 2.5 and lung cancer incidence and mortality.

Despite the low R 2 values, an overall trend was observed, with counties that had higher levels of PM 2.5 also having higher lung cancer incidence and mortality rates ( Figure 2 ), although there are exceptions, such as Mecklenberg county.

Highly significant genetic differences in arsenic accumulation during rice cultivation were detected in the arsenic contaminated area in Bangladesh.

For example, in the cohort of lifetime residents, the effects of NO 2 on asthma were positive and almost significant (odds ratio (OR) = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.97–1.69), but in the stratified cohort, NO 2 was significantly associated with asthma among children with above-median ETV (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.47–3.71), but not the children with below-median ETV (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.59–1.28).

Considering all the exposure estimates, expression of TNF-α was associated with both water and urinary concentrations of arsenic, that of POLB was associated with nail and urinary levels, and that of KCNA5 was associated with water and nail levels (and was borderline significant with urinary arsenic).

Overall, the concentration of air pollutants in Beijing showed an increasing trend from 2003 to 2006, and a decreasing trend in 2007 and 2008 (cf.

This pattern of results indicated a decreasing trend in socioeconomic disparities in belief in harmfulness of “light” cigarettes.

AnnAGNPS simulation results of annual loading over 100-year indicate that P loading has an increasing trend, and this increasing tread increased significantly for the one and half of the existing application rate ( Figure 3 ).

The percent rates of HIV cases for Cameroon showed a decreasing trend after 2000, declining as much as 9% in 2006.

The percent rates of HIV deaths for Cameroon, Nigeria, and South Africa showed decreasing trends from 2005 to 2006 whilst United States showed an increasing trend from 2004 to 2006.

It is found that there is a clear trend that both average and maximum Pi values of Pb are decreasing with the roadside distance.

We found that AML-associated transcripts targeted by critical miRNAs interact in a highly significant manner.

The highly significant positive correlations of a current smoking habit with overall negative attitudes to societal efforts at tobacco control and smoking cessation among Maltese health professional students highlights the need for the adoption of a standard curriculum inclusive of comprehensive tobacco prevention and smoking cessation training for these students.

The organic biodegradation led to the reduction of solid mass, and the porosity presented an increasing trend.

Increase was the main trend of Ks of the upper MSW, and the lower ones had a decreasing trend.

Confirming this possibility, monitored levels of suspended solids showed an increasing trend over the rainy season.

Although the amount of physical activity is less than the recommended 10 min bout [ 20 ], the volume may be significant when accumulated over the long run as found in one prospective study where by men had a 29% decrease in stroke risk associated with stair use [ 10 ].