Excerpts

In contrast, reducing alcohol from heavy to light intake (aHR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.99–1.11) or from moderate to light intake (aHR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.98–1.08) was associated with a slightly higher HF risk, although the results were only marginally significant.

From the figure, there is an obvious northward trend in the autumn relative to spring, and a decreasing trend toward the southeast, which may be related to the tidal action and changes in hydrodynamic conditions.

The gap in inter-province tourism investment spatial correlation shows a decreasing trend, mainly due to regional economic development strategies and social capital entering the field of tourism investment. 4.2.

The network connection density of the core and periphery areas shows an increasing trend, while the network linkage density between the core and periphery areas shows a downward trend.

Under the rise of central China’s strategy, there is an obvious trend of concentration of tourism investment hot spots moving toward the central regions (Yan and Chen, 2017) [ 7 ].

Another phase of the German KIGGS survey in 2018, showed a trend of overweight stabilizing but still at a high level.

Soil N 2 O Flux Variation between Two Irrigation Events Soil N 2 O fluxes changed with a decreasing trend after the irrigation event except fluxes measured on 26–30 July ( Figure 2 ).

As a result, despite presenting a decreasing trend, higher trend clusters with an upward trend were identified in our results using a spatiotemporal cluster scan.

Spontaneous abortions showed an increasing trend.

The dashed vertical line in Figure 1 is the year when the carbon trading policy started, and we found that PM 2.5 in the treatment group tended to be higher than that in the control group in most years before 2013; however, PM 2.5 in the treatment group showed a decreasing trend after policy implementation.

Therefore, residents with higher perceived risk of CCPs will, to a certain extent, be more concerned about the quality of their living and community environment, and accordingly show a positive trend in their attitudes toward CCPs, which are considered highly environmentally beneficial. 6.5.

Strict environmental law enforcement can act as a significant deterrent of the discharge behavior of enterprises, and after experiencing strict environmental penalties, both the illegal discharge behavior of enterprises and the number of illegal discharge enterprises show a decreasing trend [ 24 , 25 ].

It was found that the CAT activity of the plants in both the control and treatment groups decreased in a gradient from left to right ( Figure 4 c), with a significant difference between the maximum and minimum in the control, and a decreasing trend in CAT activity of all three plants after stress compared to the control, but it was not significant.

Furthermore, an increasing trend in problematic Internet use and excessive video gaming over time in adolescent and young people has been observed [ 48 , 49 , 50 ].

An increasing trend in accumulated total As with increasing class size was observed in organisms exposed to 0.05 mg/L of As at 16 °C with significant differences among small and large sizes.

On the other hand, a decreasing trend in accumulated total As with increasing class size was observed in organisms exposed to 0.25 mg/L of As at 16 °C with significant differences among small and large sizes.

On the whole, the maximum value of CE decreased from 220.745 in 2011 to 192.504 in 2017, and the value gap showed a decreasing trend, which shows that China’s low-carbon policy has certain effects on cities with high emission levels.

(2) From 1990 to 2020, the water yields in the Yellow River Basin (Henan section) were 42.77 × 10 8 m 3 , 57.62 × 10 8 m 3 , 44.47 × 10 8 m 3 and 48.54 × 10 8 m 3 , respectively, which showed a trend that at first increased and then decreased with time; also in the spatial dimension, there was a trend of being low in the southwest and slightly higher in the northeast.

The areas of the various land types in the basin from 1990 to 2020 exhibited a decreasing trend over the period, except for construction land, among which farmland and grassland decreased the most ( Table 2 ).

The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the digital economy and the four dimensions of urban-rural integration are steadily advancing with a positive trend, and the digital economy has a larger annual growth rate than urban-rural integration.

Overall, the level of green and low-carbon land use in China’s cities is on an increasing trend. 4.3.

We also detected a negative trend in dribbling and throwing (0.58 and 0.75 points, respectively).

The results of the study correspond to data obtained for 31 countries between the years 1985 and 2015: for men, skin melanoma-related mortality demonstrated an increasing trend, while in the female group, this trend was stable [ 29 ].

For the risk of superficial keratopathy, a trend toward decline that is similar to the incidence of DED was found, although the change was marginally significant.

It is thought to be quite significant that 79% of the news is learned from social media, especially during the pandemic [ 3 ], as screen time significantly predicted anxiety in this study.