Excerpts

No significant difference was observed in the positive dimension of vigor-activity; however, self-esteem showed a marginally significant improvement ( p = 0.03).

The main effect of ethnicity was marginally significant, indicating slightly higher values for white B = –0.32 [–0.61, –0.03] compared to black participants, B = –0.11, p = 0.030.

Planned contrasts comparing TIW within expertise groups, between stimulus instrument categories, showed that pianists had a narrower TIW for piano stimuli than for clarinet stimuli, which approached significance at a Bonferroni-adjusted alpha of 0.02, z = 2.5, p = 0.03, and a significantly narrower TIW for piano stimuli than for violin stimuli, z = 2.8, p = 0.01.

The sex-difference on MRT-C performance approached significance in grade 3 [ F (1,122) = 4.61, p = 0.03, η p = 0.03], to the advantage of boys.

While the main effect of distractor frequency on sensitivity estimates was marginally significant [ F (1,185) = 5.3, p = 0.03], the main effect of distractor intensity and the intensity × frequency interaction failed to achieve statistical significance ( p values >0.05).

Similarities and Differences in Inner Speech Spearman correlations between generalized endorsements of inner speech and random sampling incident reports were significant for Condensed ( r = 0.69, df = 49, p < 0.001) and Other People ( r = 0.46, df = 49, p < 0.001), but only approached significance for Dialogic, given the use of an adjusted alpha value ( r = 0.30, df = 49, p = 0.031).

Specifically, after Holm–Bonferroni correction, there was only a marginally significant positive correlation between trial 2 and trial 3 JOL gamma scores, r (36) = 0.34, p = 0.034, and a significant positive correlation between trial 2 and trial 3 RCJ gamma scores, r (36) = 0.47, p = 0.003 (others: p s from −0.003 to 0.23, p s > 0.17).

A positive, weakly significant relationship was observed between the ACEs total score and only the self-accepting score ( r = 0.132; p = 0.036) among the sub-dimensions of the AAMS.

The individual climber’s COF (average across all 14 holds of the weighted average COF per hold) correlated significantly with the climbing experience (in years) through a positive trend ( R 2 = 0.2000, i.e., 20% of the COF were explained from the climbing experience; p = 0.0362; α = 0.1).

For the shifting function, the main effects of group and student type were significant ( p < 0.05); the time main effect was marginally significant ( p = 0.038, η 2 = 0.058); and all interaction effects were non-significant ( p > 0.05).

A marginally significant difference was observed across grade levels for professional identity ( F = 2.81, p = 0.039), with fourth-year students scoring slightly higher, consistent with accumulated practicum experience.

Concerning the hypothesized moderations (H2), ethnic deprivation did not significantly interact with honesty-humility (modesty) ( b = 0.00, p = 0.600), but there was a marginally significant interaction for religious discrimination and honesty-humility (modesty) ( b = −0.01, p = 0.039).

The results showed that with radical awareness being considered, the effect of Radical Presence became non-significant, p = 0.14, and the effect of Visual Complexity became marginally significant, p = 0.04, η 2 = 0.13.

However, after partialling out participants' age, only two correlation coefficients remained at least marginally significant: the relationship between L2 proficiency and τ in the congruent trials, r = −0.17, p = 0.04, and the relationship between L2 proficiency and τ in overall RT, r = −0.15, p = 0.07.

The results revealed that for young senders, relationship had a marginally significant effect on literality, χ 1 2 = 4.48, p = 0.04; this was true in old senders, χ 1 2 = 17.15, p < 0.001.

Differences between 10 dB SNR and quiet conditions were marginally significant ( p = 0.04).

The interaction between Side, Stimuli, and Order was borderline significant [ F (1,23) = 4.97, p = 0.04, η 2 p = 0.18], reflecting the fact that differences in looking time across side and stimuli were higher when the last training trial and the first test trial were different.

Regarding fear stimuli, we found a significant negative correlation for posture ( r = −0.754, p < 0.01), and after correction for multiple comparisons, only a marginal trend was retrievable for the IAPS stimuli ( r = −0.292, p = 0.04).

Further, positive student-teacher relationships approached significance ( B = −0.12, β = −0.10, p = 0.04).

A second model was tested based only upon the almost significant item 5 “felt at home in nature” as the independent variable, which explained less variance, R 2 = 13.1, p = 0.04, but in this model, “felt at home in nature” was a significant predictor ( t = 2.2, p = 0.04).

Cognitive empathy Four-way interaction A marginally significant four-way interaction emerged; that is, participant culture × participant sex × stimulus ethnicity × stimulus sex [ F (1, 2,873.98) = 4.24, p = 0.040].

The effect of environment was marginally significant [ F (2,22) = 2.9, p = 0.040] and as pairwise comparison showed, the accuracy in 3DNI and 3DI environments was slightly less than in 2DNI ( p = 0.08).

350–400-ms Time Window ANOVA revealed a marginally significant three-way interaction effect between stimulus type, visual field and hemisphere [F (4,120) = 2.61, p = 0.04, η p 2 = 0.08].

With equal variances confirmed and using a t -test, there was a significant trend for females experiencing more goose bump occurrences ( M = 1.3, SD = 1.4) than males ( M = 0.3, SD = 0.5) t (14) = -2.21, p = 0.04, d = 1.0.

There was a smaller but borderline significant difference for mildly trustworthy faces, with WS participants less likely than controls to approach mildly trustworthy faces (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42–0.98, p = 0.04).