Excerpts

This borderline significant finding aligns conceptually with the Broaden-and-Build Theory ( Fredrickson, 2001 ), which posits that psychological resilience—through the cultivation of positive emotional states—expands cognitive-behavioral repertoires and constructs enduring personal resources, including enhanced academic motivation.

For MVPA replacement, a small, marginally significant negative overall association was found ( β = −0.12; 95%CI: −0.24, −0.01).

Raters were asked to rate the intensity of confrontation rupture and withdrawal rupture separately for each 30-s interval on a scale ranging from 1 (no or little rupture) to 5 (extremely significant ruptures).

Likewise, consistent with Hypothesis 2, Judging showed modest but marginally significant associations with these outcomes among American workers.

However, an unexpected but marginally significant interaction effect suggested that the SOF-support specialists exhibited decreased VRTs from pretest to posttest.

The integration of digitalization and aging has become a significant trend in contemporary international society.

Against the backdrop of the digital era and global digital transformation, artificial intelligence exerts profound impacts on educational models, making the cultivation of university teachers’ digital literacy highly significant in practice.

Figure 9I reveals that as teachers’ digital literacy improves, their subjective perception of task difficulty weakens, and their technological anxiety shows a decreasing trend.

4.1 Overall benefits of exercise intervention on mental health in ADHD The pooled results of this meta-analysis indicate that exercise interventions significantly improved depressive symptoms (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.13–0.71) and emotion regulation ability (SMD = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.06–0.92) in individuals with ADHD, and showed a positive trend toward alleviating anxiety symptoms (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.006–0.84).

The only-child status variable (Only_ child) exhibits a negative and weakly significant or statistically significant association in the models for academic rank and certificate attainment, but remains insignificant in the models for overall learning outcomes and awards, pointing to heterogeneity across outcome dimensions.

While mean scores for PEOU, PU, BI, and PLO generally showed a positive trend across proficiency levels from Low to High, the regression analyses reported earlier indicated that these group differences did not translate into statistically significant moderating effects on the core TAM pathways.

Joint function and kinesiophobia scores in patients after total knee arthroplasty Repeated-measures analysis of joint function and kinesiophobia revealed significant differences in the total and subscale scores across the three follow-up time points ( P < 0.001), with an overall trend of continuous improvement over time.

Results The results indicate that function-oriented aesthetics show a clear positive association with psychological capital, whereas responsibility-oriented aesthetics are positively related to psychological capital primarily through group identification, despite their direct effect being marginally significant.

The indirect effect of team ethical leadership on employee vigilante behavior through employee moral efficacy was positive and marginally significant (indirect effect = 0.058).

Effort expectancy, social influence, and hedonic motivation each exhibited either significant or marginally significant direct effects, while also demonstrating significant indirect effects mediated by virtual-real integration.

However, the highly significant “Subject × Time” interaction effect refines this interpretation, indicating substantial response heterogeneity.

Although ASQE is frequently used in research on the quality of life in strabismus, of which limitations include being applicable only to children aged 6–12, failing to fully cover infants and older children and adolescents, especially for intermittent exotropia, it is not specifically targeting and may be significant sensitivity (false positives) in the assessment ( Felius et al., 2007 ; Glasman et al., 2013 ; Hatt et al., 2019 ; Leske et al., 2021 ; Wang et al., 2014 ).

The score had an increasing trend 1 month after operation, but there was no significant difference.

The mediating effect of BI was significant in different periods, but it showed a decreasing trend with time.

Among fourth graders [ F (5, 137) = 19.53, p < 0.001, adjusted R 2 = 0.395], Teacher Support was the only factor significantly associated with SEC ( B = 0.305, p < 0.001), while School Support ( B = 0.154, p = 0.063) and Family Support ( B = 0.148, p = 0.075) approached but did not reach significance.

The age factor showed a highly significant effect, with an OR indicating that syllable accuracy increased by a factor of 1.65.

Child directed is the weakly significant correlation of the latter with BAT which assesses beat perception, i.e., a measure of rhythmic performance.

The model of meta-regression identified the type of intervention (Qb = 14.82, df = 2, p < 0.001), its duration (Qb = 19.34, df = 2, p < 0.001), and cultural background (Qb = 11.67, df = 2, p = 0.003) as notable moderators, whereas academic discipline (Qb = 5.28, df = 2, p = 0.071) and grade level (Qb = 4.93, df = 2, p = 0.085) exhibited marginally significant moderating impacts, aligning with contemporary meta-analytic results regarding the contextual dependency of educational interventions within higher education environments ( Dunst et al., 2020 ).

The analysis revealed a moderately significant positive relationship, supporting hypothesis H1.

As shown in Table 9 , the indirect effect of moral leadership on work engagement through professional efficacy is not only positive but highly significant, with an effect size of 0.348 and a 95% confidence interval [0.246, 0.477] that completely excludes zero.