The test statistic Z c was calculated as follows: (3) Z c = { s - 1 v a r ( s ) , s > 0 0 , s = 0 s + 1 v a r ( s ) , s < 0 In this equation, | Z c | ≥ 1.96 and | Z c | ≥ 2.58 indicated that the sample sequence had a significant trend change at p < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively, Z c > 0 indicated a rising trend and Z c < 0 indicated a declining trend ( Ling et al., 2014 ).
Excerpts
Asterisks indicate significant or extremely significant differences from WT (*0.01≤ p < 0.05, ** for p < 0.01) using a one-way ANOVA.
Reduction in moisture content and increment in dry weight percentage in the stems were detected throughout the blanching period, and highly significant difference was found between the post-blanching samples and their counterparts ( P < 0.05).
The interactions of the treatments regarding MDA content were highly significant ( P < 0.05) ( Table 4 ).
The cluster ITC1 – ITC2 – ITC3 – ITC4 – ITC5 – ITC6 ( Table 3A ) showed a highly significant level of differentiation among populations ( FST = 0.146, p < 0.05), while diversity within populations ( FIS = 0.022) resulted not significant.
Nevertheless, neutral tests detected slightly significant negative values of Tajima's D and Fu's F S for southwestern populations ( D = −0.1273, P < 0.05; F S = −3.166, P < 0.1; Table 5 ) and western populations ( D = −1.281, P < 0.1; F S = −0.585, P < 0.1; Table 5 ) of C. hendersonii , and the newly derived haplotypes (clade 1) were mainly found in these populations ( Figures 1B, D ), indicating that the expansion model might be applicable.
As shown in Figure 7A , electrolyte leakage in blueberries showed an increasing trend with the extension of cold storage time ( P < 0.05).
IBD and F ST class permutation test over full distance range All slopes of the regression with ln(distance) over the full range for all populations across Europe (2,518 km) and within each of the coastlines (563–1,497 km) were highly significant for either Euclidean distances or for sea current distances (Table 3 ), except for those of the Tyrrhenian Sea (not significant for Euclidean distances although marginally significant at p < 0.05 when considering sea current distances).
There was a marginally significant effect of planting date on the percentage of plants establishing in the field [F 1,9 = 5.4, p=5x10 -2 ] but not sowing date.
Growth suppression was also associated with down-regulation of auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; Figure 4 ) and simultaneous elevation of IAA catabolites 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid (OxIAA; Table S5 ) and its glucosyl ester (not shown), which due to biological variation did not reach statistical significance ( p < 0.05).
When the night was rainless, Qn and Rn both showed a decreasing trend, which was similar to the change in VPD, and Qn was greater than Rn ( p <0.05).
As the soil nitrogen and phosphorus content increases, the LN of planted forests significantly decreases, while the LN of natural forests does not show a significant trend of change ( P > 0.05) ( Supplementary Figure S4 ).
During the dry and rainy season, except for the insignificant correlation between soluble sugar and starch content in the leaves of the Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl ( P >0.05), there was a highly significant positive correlation between soluble sugar and starch in the roots and stems ( P <0.05).
Although the effects of soil depth and N fertilization on SRL were not significant, their interactive effect was marginally significant ( P = 0.05; Table 6 ), indicating that N fertilization affected SRL differently at different soil depths.
After HM exposure, although the overall level of the antioxidant enzyme group showed an increasing trend (4.31%), it did not reach statistical significance ( P > 0.05, n = 198, Figure 2 ).
Rice plant height showed significant and highly significant relationships with rice shoot dry weight (r = 0.37, p < 0.05) and rice yield (r = 0.44, p < 0.01).
Under the same P treatment, the CP, SOLP, NDIP and NPN contents showed an increasing trend with the increase of N fertilization (in the 2.50 – 6.81, 3.48 – 9.70, 2.75 – 5.89, and 4.56 – 14.09% ranges, respectively, p < 0.05), while the ADIP content showed a decreasing trend (in the 0.56 –5.06% range, p > 0.05).
lavandulaefolia (marginally significant) ( P < 0.05; Figure 7 ).
As the ensiling time progressed, the WSC content exhibited a decreasing trend in all groups ( P < 0.05).
A one-way ANOVA of L 50 values obtained from three-parameter Weibull fits to the accelerated aging data showed a highly significant effect of collection year on seed longevity (p = 0< 0.05), indicating that seeds collected in different years differed strongly in their inherent persistence ( Table 6 ).
The GQI under BS75+C reached 0.669, which was higher than that of the other treatments, and showed a highly significant positive correlation with tomato yield ( P < 0.05).
In contrast, vein density, leaf thickness, and stomatal density showed a decreasing trend, and the north slope exhibited a substantial reduction of 17.15%, 9.61%, and 9.94% in comparison to the south slope (P< 0.05; Figures 1A, C, F ).
The correlation between P concentration and WUE was significantly positive for Chinese silver grass ( Figure 4A ), bahiagrass ( Figure 4B ), radish ( Figure 4D ), and soybean ( Figure 4F ), with highly significant correlations ( P < 0.05).
Contrarily, the ABAR2 gene was highly significant ( p< 0.05) in its expression pattern during cold stress.
A borderline significant difference was observed between CBP80-32 and the non-edited control under WD (p = 0.0502), suggesting a trend towards increased PDH expression in CBP80-32.