Excerpts

From 2001 to 2020, the annual mean vegetation NEP ranged between 93.12 and 158.05 gC·m -2 , and exhibited an increasing trend in general. 71.46% of the vegetation area showed increasing trends of NEP.

In terms of the distribution of significant levels of trends ( Figure 5B ), 22.33% of the vegetation area in Xinjiang showed highly significant increasing trends, mainly in the oasis belt in the middle of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountain and the oasis belt around the Tarim Basin.

The correlations were favorable and extremely significant for AD between all situations.

The fold change and P-value were used to determine the significance of the expression (significant *absolute fold change 1 and P-value 0.05; highly significant **, absolute fold change 1 and P-value 0.01).

For a particular time, aboveground N content showed an increasing trend with the increase of N levels.

However, the TLA of sweet potato plantlets exhibited an increasing trend, but it decreased when the PPFD was greater than 250 μmol m -2 s -1 .

The relative expression levels of OsGA20ox2 and OsKO2 decreased substantially compared with CK after stress, while OsGA2ox9 showed an increasing trend.

With the increase of time, the antioxidant enzyme activities of the two rice varieties showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing, similar to the trend of soluble protein concentration.

The genes encoding terpene synthase (TPS) and cytochrome P450 proteins in Pinaceae showed a trend of expansion compared with those in Cycas.

It showed that all the correlation coefficients were highly significant except GD at the KM location.

spontaneum and S.officinarum in resistant plant continued to increase after inoculation, while in susceptible plant the number of differentially up-regulated NBS-LRR genes showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing patterns.

The interaction of variety and treatment showed significant differences in effective pod number per plant and highly significant differences in seed number per plant.

In addition, the cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside content exhibited an increasing trend with the development of the sepal, suggesting that the high content of the cyanidin derivatives may be essential for the bright red color of the H. miconioides sepal.

An interesting trend observed for both catnip and oregano was a reduction, with varying degrees of intensity, in the zones of inhibition of wells filled with the pure (100%) essential oils, in comparison to diluted essential oils, mainly at 20 and 40% concentrations, for both P. syringae and P. cichorii , but not for X. perforans , when the pure essential oils performed similarly or better than when diluted.

After inoculation with AMF, all root morphological parameters (except the average root diameter) and root activity of mycorrhizal seedlings showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, reaching the maximum at medium N and significantly higher than those at low and high N levels ( Table 2 ).

phloem infusion Xylem infusion but not phloem infusion led to increased tissue δ 13 C levels in the greenhouse experiment with bonsai Ficus trees ( Figure 2 ), and the respiration experiment with young maple trees showed also highly significant effects of xylem infusion on the Δδ 13 C values of shoot dark respiration ( Figure 5 ).

Glutathione adjusts continuously in plants, giving play to different metabolic processes and extremely significant antioxidant advantages, which can effectively scavenge free radicals in organisms, which cannot be reflected by glutamine, lycopene and other oxidants ( Nakamura et al., 2019 ).

In this study, we analyzed the effects of acidification on the physicochemical properties, microorganisms and metabolites of tea rhizosphere soils with different pH values, and the results showed that with the increase of soil pH, the organic matter content, cation exchange capacity, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, microbial respiration intensity, bacterial number and actinomyces number in tea rhizosphere soil all showed an increasing trend, while the fungi number decreased.

The results of the principal component analysis of the primary classification of soil metabolites showed ( Figure 4B ) that 11 categories compounds could effectively distinguish three different soil samples, among which 3 categories compounds with a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend could effectively distinguish soil samples with pH values of 3.29 and 5.32, while 7 categories compounds with an upward trend and the 1 category compound with an upward trend followed by a downward trend could effectively distinguish soil samples with pH values of 4.74 and 5.32.

sativus cultures and a decreasing trend in B. oleracea protoplast cultures, without any ROS signal being detected.

In the hydro-fluctuation belt of the TGRR, soil nutrients show an increasing trend with decreasing elevation ( Ran et al., 2022 ), which may be one of the reasons for the lower FD diversity at lower elevations.

In Figure 12A , there was a clear trend of decreasing in droplet deposition along the direction of range for all three trials.

An increasing trend in the number of papers published was registered, with a steep increasing starting from 2017 ( Figure 4 ).

However, in the case of potato canopy texture, an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend occurs ( Liu et al., 2022b ), which implies that potato canopy texture characteristics correlate with potato PKC.

This figure of 25% does not include enzymes outside the core pathway such as those of ROS detoxification, malate dehydrogenase (MDH), peroxisomal adenine nucleotide carrier (ANT), enzymes of CoA metabolism, and others that are necessary to sustain β-oxidation and that collectively would clearly significantly increase this proportion.