Excerpts

Due to the low cytotoxic activity of Pb(II), the bacterial concentration did not show a decreasing trend ( Figure 4A ).

coli between 2009 and 2016, after which a decreasing trend was observed.

Figure 4 displayed several metabolic predictive functional pathways in fermented sausages during the ripening process, which all showed an increasing trend as the ripening process proceeded.

Herein, we found that supplemental GOD had superiority over CS to induce an increasing trend of ADG of piglets during ETEC challenge, implying a certain protection effect of GOD on growth performance of piglets challenged by ETEC.

Significance defined as p < 0.05 and 0.05 < p < 0.10 was considered as a tendency toward significance.

In our study, an overall trend toward a decrease in the relative abundance of the Proteobacteria phylum was observed at the end of ensiling (except for the LD-CK, LD-CE, and MD-CE treatment samples), especially for the LP- and LP+CE-treated samples in the MD groups.

For instance, Arguelles and Martinez-Goss found that there was an increasing trend in the lipid production of both of Chlorolobion sp. and Chlorella sp. under nitrogen limited culture condition in the range from 1.5 g/l to 0.375 g/l NaNO 3 ( Arguelles and Martinez-Goss, 2021 ).

The variation of E OCP in the sterile medium showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and kept above −300 mV as a whole.

A slight trend toward increased expression of the claudin-4 protein, although not statistically significant, was observed 24 h after incubation with SK1 and SK2 in all experimental replicates ( Figure 5 ).

The pH, 1 H-NMR, and 16S rRNA results confirm that the levels of acidity, the concentration of lactic acid, and the abundance of LAB are strictly correlated and show an increasing trend until the end of fermentation.

The LP + STM group showed a decreasing trend before 4 dpi and a gradual increase thereafter.

All of these indicated that after the implementation of the PER project, the ecology of the lake area showed a trend of gradual recovery. poplar ecological retreat soil properties bacterial community structure Dongting Lake ecological restoration Samples collection and soil properties determination Soil samples at depths of 5 to 15 cm ( Inacio et al., 2019 ) from 4 areas of DL wetland were collected in December 2020 and March 2021.

Despite no statistical difference, there is an elevated trend in TCHO, TG, and LDL.

Meanwhile, propionate, isobutyrate, valerate, and isovalerate have an increasing trend in the FYWL group.

They showed a decreasing trend from surface water (88.0%), bottom water (71.0%) to sediment (40.8%).

The networks colored by p-value ( Figure 2C ) highlights how the subnetwork including RNA-related processes was highly significant for all the terms, while the second subnetwork included some terms less significant (e.g., cell cycle and transcriptional regulation by RUNX1).

The bacterial diversity of rhizosphere soil samples was highest, and fungal diversity showed a decreasing trend with increasing BSFL density in BSFL frass or soil samples ( Supplementary Figure S2e ).

(2022) , conducted in Iran, it was found that the G variants rate had an increasing trend (4–43%) between 2006 and 2015.

At the genus level, the abundance of Lactobacillus in the jejunum and cecum showed a decreasing trend after infection with PEDV, with the abundance of Shigella and Streptococcus showed an increasing trend.

As fermentation progressed, the relative abundance of Firmicutes presented an increasing trend, while the bacteria from Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were inhibited and presented in minor percentages ( Figure 4 ).

Functional predictions, based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis, revealed that the relative abundance of metabolic function exhibited a decreasing trend with prolonged fermentation time and the abundance of metabolism-related genes was relatively stable in the later stage of fermentation.

plantarum showed an increasing trend compared with the untreated group.

The value of p < 0.05 was considered significant and the value of p < 0.01 was considered highly significant.

Significantly, the common 5′ leader and 3’ UTR sequences in the nested set of mRNAs may be quite significant in that the commonalities suggest that for a given HCoV, a miRNA with the ability to bind to the 5′ leader or 3’ UTR may be able to target each mRNA, dramatically increasing the antiviral effect on the HCoV ( Figures 1c , f ).

Therefore, it is highly significant to find a dextranase with high catalytic efficiency at medium and low temperatures and high stability under different types of salts and chemical reagents.