Excerpts

In comparison with the NC group, the relative abundance of three phyla (i.e., Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteriota) in the PC group showed an increasing trend, while the relative abundance of the other two phyla (i.e., Bacteroidota and Euryarchaeota) showed a decreasing trend.

The Ace and Chao1 also displayed an increasing trend, indicating that the richness of CF applied soil fungi increased with fertilizer application.

The unique OTUs showed an increasing trend with CF but a decreasing trend with RF, which was consistent with the changing trend of the total OTUs ( Table 3 ).

The results showed that the overall positive level of antibodies showed a trend of rapid decline ( Figure 2E and Supplementary Figure 1 ).

Similarly, with the exception of the 80 mbar pressure condition, a decreasing trend was observed in the estimated LPD with decreasing pressure, with the length of the estimated lag phase decreasing from 8.61 ± 0.07 at 670 mbar to 2.6 ± 0.1 at 330 mbar to 0.20 ± 0.05 at 160 mbar ( Tables 2 , 3 and Figure 3 ).

ESR, CRP and platelets decreased significantly after FMT-1 and FMT-2 ( p < 0.05); there was no significant difference in Hb before and after FMT, though it had an increasing trend ( Table 3 ).

An interesting trend was found for manganese and zinc, with these nutrients having lower available concentration in the soil and higher concentration in the root after FB7 treatment.

In addition, if there is a highly significant impact of FMDV 3C pro mediated eIF4AI and eIF4G cleavage on RIG-I and MDA5 expression levels due to the translation inhibition, there should be a reduction in the expression levels of type-I IFN pathway associated other proteins.

This indicates that litter may act as an effective metal storage pool; namely, litter absorbs metals from contaminated soil, which may be highly significant in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.

p < 0.05 or 0.01 were represented as significant or extremely significant, respectively.

Overall, the expression of viral genes was much higher in Vero E6 than in Huh7 from 8 hpi, although both showed an increasing trend ( Figure 1A , Supplementary Figures 1A,B , and Supplementary Table 1 ).

coli showed a trend that increased by 13.2% (95%CI: 6.1–20.2) in clinical blood specimens, 8.1% (95%CI: 1.7–14.4) in all clinical specimens and 17.7% (95%CI: 4.9–30.4) increase in carriage specimens.

Surveillance of community-acquired infections has reported a widespread ESBL-mediated resistance and has shown an increasing trend for 10 years ( Kanoksil et al., 2013 ; Fox-Lewis et al., 2018 ; Chang et al., 2020 ).

The average RMSD for M429I was 0.65Å; however, an increasing trend was reported – for instance, a previous study reported that mutations with increasing instability produce the function of radical protein, implying that these mutations have evolved with radical function and have increased infectivity ( Hussain et al., 2020 ).

Soil Bacterial Diversity and Community Structure Soil bacterial alpha diversity, including richness and the Shannon index, showed a decreasing trend in near-mature plantations (planted 9–20 years ago) when compared to plantations of the other three stand ages ( Supplementary Figure S5 ).

Although only a trend toward significance in our study for racial disparity in COVID-19 was observed, a large systematic review involving 50 studies from the United States and United Kingdom concluded that individuals of black and Asian ethnicities have a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 in general, and more specifically, Asians were at a higher risk of hospital admission and death ( Sze et al., 2020 ).

Generally, the EDI value had an increasing trend with decreasing root diameter and increasing rooting depth (except Layer IV).

But for the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, an increasing trend in villus height and V/C, and a decreasing trend in Crypt depth has been shown in Groups II, III, or IV when compared to Group I.

The cell abundance of Bacillariophyta at all stations except S87 showed an increasing trend with the deepening of water layer, in which the main species were T. nitzschioides , T. frauenfeldii , and C. argus .

In this study, aside from the poor bactericidal activity observed amongst the co-producers, we were unable to identify a clear trend among the isolates with the other carbapenemase types, indicating that the knowledge of carbapenemase types alone was a poor indicator of combination activity in our isolates.

buchneri in LAB-treated silage showed a decreasing trend during storage.

Among the selected secondary metabolites, the levels of ginsenosides, including ginsenoside-Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd., Rf, ginsenoside-Rg2, Rh1, and notoginsenoside-R1, -R2, and -R4 showed a decreasing trend, whereas the levels of ginsenoside-Rg3 and glucoginsenoside-Rf showed an increasing trend.

Specifically, following SSF-P, the levels of many fatty acids (linoleic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid) showed an increasing trend over the fermentation period.

In detail, 0.1 (R) and 1 mg/kg (L) AgNPs showed a decreasing trend compared to CK, though there was no significant difference between them ( P > 0.05).

The p -value lower than 0.05 and 0.01 were designated as statistically significant (*) and highly significant (**), respectively.