Excerpts

The BW 0 d and BW 140 d in the TNH group were significantly higher than those in the HH group ( p < 0.001), while weaning weight showed an increasing trend compared to the HH group ( p = 0.099).

A significant trend was noted when 0.05 ≥ p > 0.10.

For the antioxidant parameters ( Table 7 ), GOD1200 significantly increased the SOD activity ( P < 0.05) and showed a trend toward a lower level of MDA content (0.05 ≤ P < 0.1) compared with Ctr on day 21.

A tendency toward significance was considered at 0.05 ≤ P < 0.1, and the statistical significance was stated based on the value of P of < 0.05 (Granato et al., 2014 ).

It also showed a trend toward reducing IgY content ( P < 0.10).

Interestingly, T-AOC showed a trend with increased alfalfa content (0.05 < p < 0.10), and MDA was significantly lower than the other treatments ( p < 0.05).

Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05, and a trend toward significance was considered at 0.05 ≤ P < 0.10.

Statistical significance was defined at P < 0.05, and trending toward significance was defined at 0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.1.

And the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Lactobacillus, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group , and Prevotella_1 in treatment IV had an increasing trend when compared to the control group ( p < 0.10) ( Figure 3E ).

The BH procedure ( Benjamini and Hochberg, 1995 ) was used for multiple comparisons and treatment effects were declared significant at P < 0.05 and a trend toward significance at 0.05 ≤ P < 0.10.

bifidum TMC3108 also showed a trend ( p -value <0.1) toward a larger reduction on the levels of Clostridium cluster XIVa in the OB than in NW group.

The butyrate-producing genus Blautia and Faecalibacterium in the XOS500 group displayed an increasing trend compared to the CTC and CON group (0.05 < P < 0.1), while no significant differences were observed among the three groups ( Supplementary Figure 3 ).

We selected marginally significant variables for each model ( P < 0.1) using backwards step-wise regression using the R package vegan ( Zelenı, 2011 ; Oksanen et al., 2015 ).

Weakly significant proteins had a negative logarithm to base 10 of the p -value higher than 1.0 ( p < 0.1), strongly significant proteins were higher than 1.3 ( p < 0.05).

For this analysis only, all metabolites for which the p -values were marginally significant ( p < 0.1) were selected for further study.

butyricum addition resulted in higher ( P < 0.05) abundances of Clostridia ( Clostridiales ) and Prevotellaceae , concurrent with an increasing trend ( P < 0.10) of Bifidobacteriaceae abundance and decreased the abundances of several harmful bacteria such as Klebsiella ( P < 0.05).

Exposure to only saponin or the combination of oxytetracyclin and saponin only showed a trend toward increased neutrophil presence in the intestinal area ( p < 0.10).

Differences were considered as statistically significant with P ≤ 0.05 and as marginally significant with P ≤ 0.1.

The expression of all five genes in cluster 1 showed a significant ( p < 0.05) or marginally significant ( p < 0.10) negative correlation with the bicarbonate concentration, whereas none of the other gene expression patterns were correlated with bicarbonate ( Figure 5 ; Table 2 ).

Further analysis showed significant positive correlations between PA and NO 2 ( p < 0.05) and a marginally significant correlation with the abundance of HNFs ( p < 0.1; Table 1 ).

Concentrations of C and N in soil and microbial biomass In the mixed heath soil, the concentrations of NH + 4 , NO − 3 , DOC, and DON in the soil mesocosms were 43–67% lower than the concentrations in the control mesocosms, although the difference for NH + 4 was only marginally significant (0.05 < P < 0.1, Tukey's HSD; Table 3 ).

Similarly, the TRE2 group showed a trend toward reduced the diarrhea rate in 2 nd week ( p < 0.10) and significantly decreased average diarrhea rate compared to CON- ( p < 0.05), with no statistically significant difference observed between CON+ and TRE2 ( p > 0.05).

Pearson correlation analysis of Western Basin samples showed weakly significant correlations ( p < 0.1) between the proportion of surface associated extracellular P and several environmental variables, including SRP, POC, PON, and SiO 2 (Table 3 ).

In the case of salinity and muscle-weight, borderline significance was observed ( P < 0.10), while the rest of the fixed effect parameters showed P -values lower than 0.001 ( Table 5 ).

At the genus level in Table 9 , the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum, norank_f__UCG-011 , Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group , and UCG-005 in the HS treatment showed a decreasing trend ( P < 0.01), and the relative abundance of norank_f__Bifidobacteriaceae performed an increasing trend compared with the TN treatment ( P < 0.1).