Excerpts

HU–DNA interactions seem to be non-specific; therefore, we hypothesized that the differences in the genomic architecture between the serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis may be significant for the different phenotypes.

A difference with P < 0.05 was considered significant, and a difference with P < 0.01 was considered extremely significant.

The genes that exhibited highly significant improved correlations between expression level and growth rate were first identified.

Compared with CG treatment, there was an increasing trend in the amounts of acetic acid (AA) and butyric acid (BA) in AG and OG, and the amounts of propionic acid (PA) and isovaleric acid (ISOVA) in AG significantly increased ( P < 0.05).

The specific Mediterranean experiment site is influenced by riverine freshwater fluxes leading to a decreasing trend in salinity the last decade ( Krestenitis et al., 2012 ).

The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was similar to that of previously characterized isolates from invasive infections (iGAS), presenting a decreasing trend in macrolide resistance.

As the points that were close to each other had similar metabolic profiles, our results indicated that there might be significant metabolic differences among the four groups.

longanae -inoculated longan fruits showed a trend similar as the control longans.

fraxini OTU showed a trend toward a higher abundance in laminae of healthy trees.

In addition, Treponema 2, Lachnospiraceae FCS020_group, Ruminococcus 1, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 , and dgA-11_gut_group in the G group also showed an increasing trend, their abundance is low but they cannot be ignored.

Fecal calprotectin showed a trend similar to blood hs-CRP level, with significant variation (Figure S2 ).

In these analyses, P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant, while P < 0.01 was considered to be an extremely significant difference.

Potassium ion (K + ) has an increasing trend from outside to inside of the cell membrane, while sodium (Na + ) and chloride (Cl - ) ions have the opposite distribution pattern.

Another main limitation is that the association between intestinal permeability and the microbiological biomarker defined in this study, albeit highly significant, could not establish the mechanistic role and cause-effect relevance governing intestinal barrier maturation and the microbial biomarkers.

This disassembly may be significant for yielding metastable infectious subviral particle (ISVP) for productive infection (Zhang et al., 2006 ; Mainou and Dermody, 2011 ), otherwise may be due to the novel host defense mechanism of host to suppress virus infection through degradation to lead invalid infection (Chen et al., 2018 ).

The GO pathways that were enriched in these comparisons agreed with known biology and were highly significant (Figures 3B – D ), such as Lymphocyte Activation, Immune Response, and Response to Virus.

Although the increase in the level of IgA-switching observed in CH12F3-2 B cells transduced with vIL-6 was lower than that of IgG1 observed with mouse splenic B cells (Figures 3C,D ), vIL-6 expression showed a trend to augment switching to IgA (∼10%), which was not observed with vFLIP or vGPCR (Figure 4A ).

Before oral administration of YM001, the content of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136-group was 7% in duodenum and <1% in other segments, after oral administration of YM001, its content showed a decreasing trend (Table 3 ).

Nitrogen fixation was predicted to show an elevated trend in seaweed treatments except for Ulva in combination with nutrients, in which the DNRA level seemed elevated (Figure 6 ).

For example, Euryarchaeota, Chloroflexi, and WS3 displayed an increasing trend with depth.

In contrast, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria and Acidobacteria showed a decreasing trend with depth.

Monte Carlo simulation randomization test resulted in a significant trend for nutrient limitation during spring, as compared to summer and autumn and differences in 2012 as compared to 2013 (Figure 4 and Supplementary Figure 5 ).

Although we did not identify any core metabolic pathways at the q -value <0.05 level, some pathways showed a trend toward difference in high- and low-FE pigs.

albicans or with an increasing trend of resistance to azoles.

The titratable acidity values exhibited an increasing trend in all samples with the exception of F8A and F8B brines, which slightly decreased in acidity at 120 days.