Excerpts

In conclusion, our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that scoliosis in children and adolescents remains highly prevalent globally, with evidence of an increasing trend since 2000 year.

Furthermore, our analysis revealed that the cancer incidence rate among the elderly population across the 21 regions generally exhibited an increasing trend as the SDI increased, whereas the mortality rate demonstrated an S-shaped pattern characterized by an initial decline, followed by an increase, and subsequently another decline as the SDI increased.

North America exhibited high incidence rate in 2021, with an increasing trend in the United States and a decreasing trend in Canada and Greenland.

By 2023, this figure had risen to 17%, indicating a positive trend toward greater gender inclusion at the highest levels of diplomatic leadership.

Note: % indicates the adequacy rate of health literacy in the relevant dimension; p <.05* indicates a significant difference; p <.01** indicates a highly significant difference.

This may be significant as recent critiques of intersectionality charge the theory with losing its critical potential [ 38 , 39 ].

Global studies indicate that 13.3% of adults aged ≥ 60 years experience depressive disorders, with prevalence reaching 25.6% in China and showing an increasing trend [ 1 ].

Identified clusters were classified as primary clusters (highest LLR, p < 0.01) representing the most significant risk areas, and secondary clusters (high LLR, p < 0.05) representing moderately significant risk areas [ 14 ].

Hometown demonstrated marginal significance.

Global trends in neonatal disorders before and during the COVID-19 pandemic Globally, the incidence rates of neonatal disorders shifted from a declining trend during the pre-pandemic period (2000–2019: EAPC = −0.68%, 95% CI: −0.74 to −0.62) to an increasing trend during the pandemic period (2019–2021: EAPC = 0.17%%, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.22) (Table 3 and Fig. 4 ).

Although our findings may not represent the entire Korean population, they still suggest an increasing trend in the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in South Korea.

Nonetheless, existing data revealed a clear trend in oxygen uptake: exercise interventions had more pronounced effects on improving CRF in the children and adolescents with overweight or obesity from Asia, particularly males.

While a nominally significant age-by-PrEP interaction was detected, bootstrap validation indicated limited robustness, and no overall association was found between PrEP exposure and pregnancy risk.

A clear trend is observed across the quartiles for several variables.

Table 8 shows that there were highly significant differences in both knowledge and management of tuberculosis between test subjects and controls across time points.

However, the observed non-linear association (referenced to the median) only shows an increasing trend across the central range (25th–75th percentile), while exhibiting elevated risk at extremely low levels and fluctuating risk at higher levels.

However, the ASRs for these metrics exhibited a decreasing trend, indicating that while the absolute number of cases is rising, the rate at which they occur is declining.

Temporal trend from 1990 to 2021 From 1990 to 2021, the number of cases for epilepsy attributable to alcohol use in adults over 40 years old showed an increasing trend.

As can be seen from Table 2 , variables with practically significant (>0.5) varimax loadings [ 16 ] were used to establish logical units (WE and GWA).

The incidence of local reactogenicities exhibited a decreasing trend from the first to the seventh day after vaccination (Fig. 6 ).

However, within the 0.55–0.8 range, walking propensity declined with greater mix, while beyond 0.8, it again exhibited a positive trend (Fig. 11 ) [ 47 ].

The AAPC was calculated as a weighted average of APCs across the entire study period to provide an overall trend estimate.

The proportions of bisexual MSM, active MSM, and active MSM in bisexuality generally showed a decreasing trend over time but remained above 20% across the 14-year study period.

At the same time, we observed an increasing trend of HPV vaccination willingness from 2010 onwards.

In 2021, both the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates and its AAPCs showed a decreasing trend as SDI increased (Fig. 3 , Fig.S5).