Excerpts

We considered a difference of 400 MET min-per-week between the intervention and control groups to be practically significant, detectable with 85% power in two-tailed tests with the alpha of 0.05 for a sample of 253 employees in each group; the standardized effect size is 0.27.

Estimated annual HIV incidence Our results showed that HIV incidences associated with all sexual partnership types followed an increasing trend during the period 2002–2010 (Figure 4 ).

The combined any payer versus uninsured effect among those who lived in such more affluent neighborhoods approached significance (RR = 1.64; 90% CI = 1.06, 2.53, data not shown).

There was a moderately significant gender difference in talking with friends about contraception, showing males were more likely to talk with friends about contraception (57.4%) than females (40.4%).

An increasing trend was observed; as one got older, the fatality rate when involved in a MVC became greater.

The cervical cancer mortality rate for older age groups (70+) exhibited an increasing trend before 1995, but not among younger women. i.e. the mortality risks for women aged 70 years or more increased annually before 1995; whereas no significant change in mortality trends was observed among women under 70.

The reliability of supplementary measures following screening using Papanicolaou tests may be significant contributors.

Among those with CCI<3, there was a positive trend between the mortality score and all-cause mortality as well as circulatory disease-specific death.

Though the beta coefficients were slightly attenuated in multivariate models controlling for factors found to be associated with hypertension in the full cohort, the association with TG, HbA 1 c, fasting glucose, BMI and WC remained highly significant.

First, there may be significant variation in HP attention and impact.

Overall, refugee women (RR = 0.75; 95%CI: 0.63; 0.88) showed significantly lower mortality from cancer compared with native Danes, whereas the result for refugee men (RR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.73; 1.00) was only borderline significant.

Low school neighbourhood SES increased the risk of being a bully or bully-victim although the latter was only marginally significant (low SES: OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.00-2.10).

This meta-analysis also showed that under low efficacy the effect of threat was negative and almost significant, which means that if an intervention developer is not very certain that either the target population is high in response and self-efficacy, or that a given intervention will manage to considerably increase both response and self-efficacy, threatening messages should be avoided.

The OR of susceptibility showed a decreasing trend (0.93-fold) with each quartile of increased perception of social risks; in multiple analysis, the trend was 0.95-fold (Table 3 ).

A two-tailed p < 0.05 was considered significant, with p < 0.10 considered marginally significant.

Other polls also indicate a difference in the way Canadians and Americans perceive climate change as a public health threat [ 10 - 12 ], indicating that there may be significant differences in how people in different countries perceive these issues [ 6 ].

Cuzick’s non-parametric test for trend was used to assess whether a significant trend was evident for LTPA across increasing environment score categories and across increasing psychosocial score categories.

Conclusions Our study provided much important information concerning hepatitis B and C prevalence and risk factors; it confirmed the intermediate endemicity for HCV infection and pointed to a decreasing trend of HBV incidence, which might reclassify Morocco in low HBV endemicity area.

PA trends by country and over time In our review, there was a slightly increasing trend towards recommended PA levels in older people in Australia and the US over the last 10 years but a decrease in Brazil.

Age was not an associated factor when using the WHO standard definition; however, a reported history of myocarial infarction became highly significant.

Differences in mean levels of engagement between various occupational groups might be significant, but relatively small and they almost never exceed the size of one standard deviation [ 4 ].

A systematic review of available evidence in the PubMed database on socioeconomic status (SES) and adherence to ARVs did not find a consistent association but noted a positive trend between higher levels of SES and adherence [ 35 ].

Since the interactions between education and age group were only significant for balance, borderline significant for walking speed and non-significant for grip strength and chair stands, no ultimate conclusions can however be drawn on the age differences.

Additionally, a 10 percent increase in GDP per capita is associated with an 11.49 percent increase in public spending for HIV and these associations were highly significant.

However, there was a marginally significant difference in diarrheal incidence between months classified as outbreak months corresponding to perceptions of historical outbreak periods and non-outbreak months in the dry and wet season respectively (Wilcox test, W = 456.5, p = 0.052).