Excerpts

The average number of sex workers provided services annually by the first batch of 7 programmes started in early 1999 plateaued after the fourth fiscal year to 3500, whereas the 8 second-batch programmes started in late 2000 reached an average of 2000 sex workers in 2004–2005 with an increasing trend up to this fourth fiscal year.

However, there was an increasing trend in the coordination coefficient in each round of inquiry, and the significance test result was P < 0.001, indicating that the opinions of the experts tended to converge.

Furthermore, we also observed an increasing trend towards a higher prevalence of p16-positive cases among females, consistent with previous findings from studies conducted in the United States and Italy [ 21 , 28 ].

These data reveal a significant trend towards younger users on Sina microblog, characterized by distinct intergenerational differences, making it a primary platform for college students to vent their online emotions.

The results showed that after adjusting for all covariates, the HR of Q2, Q3 and Q4 showed an increasing trend compared with Q1, but all P values were > 0.05, suggesting no significant risk differences were observed.

EAPC and its 95% confidence interval are bigger than 0 or less than 0, indicating that the observations from 1990 to 2021 generally indicate an increasing trend or a downward trend.

Difference of mean self-efficacy score was highly significant in intervention compared to control.

As shown in Table 5 , the time × group interaction was highly significant, indicating that girls in the dance intervention increased their daily step counts to a significantly greater extent than the control group.

Aging population In a study using South Korean health insurance data between 2002 and 2018, Kim reported an annual increase in hospitalizations due to IHD despite a decreasing trend in the age-standardized hospitalization rate.

With regard to age group, an increasing trend was observed in the younger age group (1–4 years), while a decreasing trend was observed in the older age group (5–9 years).

The age effect on the prevalence of mumps exhibited a clear trend of increasing from 1 to 6 years of age, followed by a slight decline and then a resurgence at 9 years of age, which was comparable to the prevalence observed at 3 years of age.

A clear trend of escalating myopia prevalence with advancing grade level, especially around the transition from lower to upper primary grades.

In China, the prevalence of childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in 2005 was estimated to be 3.3%, 9.8% and 5.5%, respectively, and there is an increasing trend onwards [ 5 , 6 ].

In 2012, the positive correlation was mainly concentrated in the eastern part of Fujian Province and showed a decreasing trend from east to west.

While a nominally significant age-by-PrEP interaction was detected, bootstrap validation indicated limited robustness, and no overall association was found between PrEP exposure and pregnancy risk.

Table 8 shows that there were highly significant differences in both knowledge and management of tuberculosis between test subjects and controls across time points.

After further controlling for potential confounders, a positive trend between extended duration of high TyG exposure and increased risk of incident hypertension was found; the corresponding risks were 1.14 (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.21), 1.30 (95% CI: 1.21 to 1.39) and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.26 to 1.47), respectively, for 2-year, 4-year and 6-year exposure period, compared to the unexposed group.

One study showed a trend toward reduced T2DM incidence postpartum in women with prior gestational diabetes, though results were not statistically significant [ 28 ].

The burden of ASMR and ASDR of PAH-related lung cancer also showed an increasing trend, especially in countries with high-medium SDI levels.

Lower population densities predicted higher misuse outcomes in cluster one over time (significant in 2011 and 2012, and marginally significant in 2010 and 2013).

Moreover, an increasing trend of prevalence of hypertension (5.11% in 1959 to 37.2% in 2015), as well as the levels of blood pressure (elevated 4.5mmHg from 2007 to 2017), were observed in China [ 4 , 5 ].

Globally, there is an increasing trend in the number of tests conducted in the post-pandemic period and, consequently, in the number of people who know their serological status [ 117 ].

In Portugal, the number of new cases across different age groups has generally shown a decreasing trend over the past decade.

Regarding self-tests however, there was a positive trend (1,225 tests in 2019; 3,107 tests in 2020; 3,801 tests in 2021 and 4,254 in 2022 [ 48 ].

According to the ARIMA model results, infant mortality rates in Ghana are on a decreasing trend from 2023 and 2030.