Excerpts

About the studies conducted on PHDs, there was an increasing trend in the number of published articles from 2020 to 2022.

Only a slight trend suggested that the highly educated engaged more in recreational and household activities than those with primary education.

Firstly, depression and anxiety symptoms have shown a decreasing trend in the general population, including our participants, during the COVID-19 pandemic [ 50 ].

Although the risk of IHD development was greater in the low-income group than in the high-income group [RR (95% CI) for period 2: low-income group, 1.77 (1.52, 2.07); high-income group: 1.47 (1.31, 1.65)], the difference was marginally significant (p-value for heterogeneity: 0.06) (Table S5 , see Additional file 1).

No country/territory showed a decreasing trend in the ASMR for pancreatic cancer attributable to metabolic risks.

The estimated prevalence of HTN in the Middle East and North Africa is 26.2% according to a recent meta-analysis of 147 studies with an increasing trend over the past decades [ 14 ].

We also found a decreasing trend of bullying victimization as the grade increased among both heterosexual and sexual minority students.

Studies presenting crude drowning rates of different years and populations in Türkiye showed that drowning in Türkiye has been on a decreasing trend recently.

Background The convergence of digitization and aging has become an important trend in the current international community.

Phthalate metabolites in the present study exhibited an increasing trend in concentrations over pregnancy, except for MEHP.

Our results are in concordance with the earlier publication which suggested an increasing trend in the incidence of CRC in Asia [ 5 ].

Results PCMC in China showing a decreasing trend.

This indicates that the efforts made by the Chinese government in controlling air pollution have been successful, and there is a positive trend in improving air quality in China.

However, unexpectedly, the duration of stay at most THSR stations showed an increasing trend, whereas patterns in TR stations varied across cities (Fig. 2 ).

However, there was one statistically significant correlation and two near-significant correlations, but it is difficult to explain this in a logical way.

However, as the TyG index increased, the 95% CI showed a trend toward 1 (Fig. 4 a), which was significant when we excluded the extreme values of the TyG index (Fig. 4 b).

A systematic review showed an increasing trend of allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies in children in South Korea [ 3 ].

When an interaction term between each covariate and sex was introduced in the regression models, we only found a marginally significant difference between males and females in the association between relatives COVID-19 positives, with symptoms or dead and digestive disorders (OR 1.459; 95% CI 0.982, 2.168) showing a higher increase of digestive disorders among males (OR 1.511; 95% CI 1.072, 2.131) (Fig. 4 and Table S 2 ).

We did however observe age differences in the prevalence of loneliness, such that younger people were more likely to experience loneliness than older people, particularly in the most recent survey years, with a possible increasing trend in prevalence developing for younger people (15–24 years) and a decreasing trend for older people (65+ years).

While this change suggests an increasing trend, driven by the decrease in prevalence of loneliness in people without disability but not for people without disability, the 95% confidence intervals of the relative inequalities overlapped.

The prevalence has shown a decreasing trend throughout the period with the percentage of women with high-risk births being declined from 50.9% during 1992–93 to 29.5 during 2019–21.

The total notifications show a decreasing trend in the year’s first two quarters and maintain a steady trend after that.

However, the Gini coefficients were all greater than 0.5 in all years and showed an increasing trend (Table 1 and Supplementary Fig. 1 ).

While unit increases in age were also associated with reduced odds of hr-HPV infection in the adjusted analysis, this association was only marginally significant (aOR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65–1.00) (Table 3 ).

There is a clear trend towards a decline in the percentage of coverage in Bologna, which becomes even more evident in 2002.