Excerpts

One study in Shandong, China, found a decreasing trend between temperature and HFMD incidence when the average temperature was above 21 °C [ 10 ].

Increased sedentary time was associated with lower HEI (lowest quartile 62.3 and highest quartile 58.6, p = 0.02) but was not associated with Healthy Purchasing Score. Work-related PA was not significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, although there was a nonsignificant trend toward higher rates of hypertension, prediabetes/diabetes, and obesity with higher work-related PA (Table 4 ).

Serum osteocalcin levels showed a decreasing trend from group 1 to group 4 ( P for trend < 0.001).

A quarterly projection for 2019 and 2020 showed an increasing trend with the second quarter of each year likely to have the highest reported cases of measles.

nana (OR = 14.16, P = 0.0006), which confirmed the borderline significance found in the overall infection with intestinal parasites.

While some of these findings may be significant to the setting in Sierra Leone and the Ebola vaccine trials or may be influenced by some of the limitations in this study, it is hoped that these Four R’s could facilitate CE in other settings and strengthen disease preparedness activities.

Background Skin cancer attributed to sunlight exposure has an increasing trend worldwide, resulting in increased problems for healthcare services.

Sickness absence in Sweden has been changing with an increasing trend of psychiatric disorders (stress, in particular), reaching around 35% of all sickness absence in 2014 and a decreasing trend in musculoskeletal disorders, falling to 27% by 2014 [ 26 ].

While the risk of transmission may be significant in the pre-diagnosis, pre-treatment and very early treatment periods, risk likely declines rapidly with effective treatment.

Below we summarize the associations that were significant (or approaching significance), comparing dyads reporting either IPV and VAC, IPV ‘Only’, or VAC ‘Only’ to those with no reported violence (Table 5 ).

Controlling for SES (model 2) led to a substantially lower but still highly significant total time effect (OR = 1.34). 3.5%-points of the total remaining increase (APE = 6.8%-points), were attributable to the direct and 3.3%-points to indirect effect.

Conclusions Quasi-significant results indicate that recent increases in opioid-related deaths driven by illicit, synthetic opioids tended to be larger in provinces where reductions in prescription opioid availability have been more extensive.

This first step is important, because interventions designed to target uncommon reasons are unlikely to yield practically significant improvements.

While male patients consistently had a higher LEA prevalence than females, both genders showed a decreasing trend in LEA prevalence over the study period.

The coefficients of all the variables related to both prodonation and antidonation remained highly significant even after adjustment for age, and the odds ratios changed only slightly.

Measure of associations The proportion of circumstances due to suicide was higher in cases with unknown agents compared to cases with known agents and the difference was marginally significant (82.2% versus 65.1%; PRR unknown/known = 1.6; 95% CI = 0.9–2.9).

The study revealed an increasing trend in domestic violence against married Zimbabwean women.

Furthermore, our results showed a significant trend toward higher daily breakfast intake when parents were satisfied with their children’s breakfast and that most parents believed that having breakfast can improve the academic performance of children.

There was a decreasing trend of physical fitness index from the years 2014 to 2016 ( P for trend < 0.01).

There is a decreasing trend in hazard ratios for IMD quintiles from most deprived category to least deprived: 0.74 (95%CI 0.59–0.92) for the second more deprived quintile through to 0.55 (95%CI 0.41–0.74) for the least deprived quintile.

A decreasing trend in VPA from baseline to follow-up 1 was observed in the intervention group in contrast to the control group (− 0.45 VPA min/hour [99% CI -1.02: 0.11]).

With respect to the longitudinal studies, samples were primarily drawn from large, nationally representative, longitudinal cohorts, which was reflected in the relatively large number of analyses conducted in sample sizes of greater than 1000 participants (24/104; 23%). There has been an increasing trend in recent years in the number of manuscripts investigating the relationship between household chaos and child/parent/family outcomes (Fig. 2 ), with the majority of publications from research conducted in the USA ( n = 74) and the UK ( n = 21) (Fig. 3 ).

3 , shows an increasing trend over the period.

middle terciles) adult population over 60 years of age across categories of percentage population in proximity to public parks and recreation land and shows that in areas characterised by having more older people, health decreases with distance from greenspace. In the case of older neighbourhoods, a clear trend can be seen linking increasing population in proximity to public parks and recreation land and lower mean levels of chronic morbidity.

Among people exiting via old-age retirement, those not exposed to downsizing displayed a decreasing trend in purchases of sedatives during the peri-exit period, which could not be found among the exposed.