“nominally significant”

Patients receiving etanercept monotherapy had less deterioration of PtGA and PtJP scores versus those assigned to methotrexate monotherapy, with a nominally significant treatment difference observed at almost all time points for PtGA and PtJP at weeks 12 and 36 ( p < 0.05; Fig. 1 ).

Validation of the association was considered for nominally significant variants ( p -value ≤ 0.05) with the same direction of the association effect as in the discovery phase. 4.5.

In total, we found 227 nominally significant ( P < 0.05) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the treated and control groups, with 23 DEGs significant after adjustment for multiple correction ( Fig. 2c , Table S2).

In the BMTI, 42 metabolite-mRNA pairs (19 mRNA→metabolite; 23 metabolite→mRNA) showed a nominally significant (p-value < 0.05) causal effect.

However, nominally significant associations were observed for all four measures in models with basic adjustments (Absolute standard effect size range: 0.12–0.3, P < 0.05, Additional file 3 : Table S19).

All results that are nominally significant at P < 0.05 with no adjustment for the effects of multiple tests or comparisons are presented.

Considering only the biological N of 2 (two independent grow-ups of each strain, distinct from those initially screened in microarrays), and not the technical duplication of assays for each of those, 10 of the 18 genes assessed showed allele-dependent changes that were nominally significant ( P ≤ 0.05), whereas no more than one would be expected by chance (Table 3 ).

In the left hemisphere, nominally significant differences (uncorrected p < 0.05) were observed in three parcels: lingual gyrus ( p = 0.033), inferior temporal gyrus ( p = 0.041), and precuneus ( p = 0.048).

The majority of the hypomethylated (20/28) sites showed lower M-values in the SWD group as compared with the controls; accordingly, the majority (9/10) of the hypermethylated showed higher M-values in SWD (one site, cg13823003 from GRIN2C , with a nominally significant difference at P < 0.05, analysis of variance (ANOVA) (Supplementary Table S6 ).

Most local edges were consistent, though the edge between fruit and vegetable intake and aerobic physical activity showed a nominally significant difference at α = 0.05 level ( p < 0.05).

To lessen the influence of differential statistical power among the three studies (n = 206, 60, 266), we defined ‘replication’ as having a nominally significant p-value in the independent sample (p-value<0.05) and having a concordant effect direction ( i.e. , is YFG more highly expressed in males or females?). 29.9% and 32.1% of genes significantly affected by sex (UC sex t-test FDR<5%) replicated in the UW and Merck studies, respectively ( Figure 1B ).

We identified 74 nominally significant differentially methylated regions ( p < 0.05) in the mitochondrial genome, between anatomically separate cortical regions and the cerebellum in matched samples ( N = 3 matched donors).

Including the quadratic age term as an additional confounder further reduced the t 0 -MD correlation ( r = 0.13, p = 0.05, df = 225), but somewhat strengthened the g F-MD correlation ( r = −0.20, p < 0.01, df = 221), and also made the DSS -MD correlation nominally significant ( r = −0.15, p < 0.05, df = 196).

CSF and plasma levels of AMD and CSF levels of cystatin M showed nominally significant associations ( P < 0.05) with microbleeds in plasma ( Supplementary Table 6 ), in the same direction as significant associations with WMHs and WM-PVSs, respectively.

A 2‐sided P <0.05 was regarded as nominally significant, and a BH‐adjusted P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results were considered nominally significant at p < 0.05 (two-tailed).

The MR‐Egger test showed a nominally significant causal effect ( P <0.05) of CHD on a lower level of mtDNA CN (β=−0.030 [95% CI, −0.055 to −0.0045]; P =0.029) (Table S7 ).

Eleven out of the 16 SNPs in this genomic area are nominally significant (10 −6 <p<.05) providing additional support for the involvement of EFNA5 in AD.

Longitudinal assessment of circulating levels of 29 immune biomarkers revealed that mean levels of nine molecules (IL-1β, IL-1RA, IFN-γ, eotaxin, MCP1, MDC, MIF, RANTES, and HGF) showed changes across the experimental time points that were nominally significant (p < 0.05, Table 1 ).

Seven of the 10 polymorphisms showed nominally significant signals of association with MS (p<0.05) ( table 1 ).

While the 19 exome-wide significant genes were not significantly associated (all p > 4.38 × 10 −4 , Bonferroni adjustment for 19 unique genes × 6 phenotypes) with any other tissue-specific fat components, we observed that nominally significant associations ( p < 0.05) generally shared the expected direction of effect on the primary and supplemental phenotypes ( Figures 2 and S3 ).

Differentially methylation CpG sites The epigenome-wide differential methylation analysis revealed 26982 CpG sites that differed between obese and lean individuals with nominally significant p-values (p ≤ 0.05).

In total, 7/34 CpGs identified in the discovery cohort were nominally significant ( P < 0.05 and same direction of effect as the ARIC cohort results) (Additional file 4 : Table S3), and the effect sizes from the ARIC results and the validation meta-analysis were largely correlated ( R 2 = 0.36) (Fig. 2 ).

Other nominally significant ( P < 0.05) findings occurred for the H1b (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.00–1.72, P = 0.049), and H1i (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.01–2.70, P = 0.047) subhaplotypes.

The meaningful and nominally significant thresholds were set at p < 0.05/138 = 0.0004 and p < 0.05, respectively, out of 138 tests conducted.