“nominally significant”

In the ITT population, the active group was relatively stable or showed a slight improvement (37.45 ± 11.31 to 37.96 ± 10.78; mean Δ +0.51), whereas the sham group exhibited a decline (35.23 ± 13.15 to 32.91 ± 14.00; mean Δ −2.32), yielding a nominally significant between-group difference in change ( p = 0.022; Table 2 ).

After additionally removing the meQTLs that were correlated with any of the five GWAS index SNPs at SLC2A9 among EA persons (Methods), cg13841979 was the only CpG with ≥4 meQTLs for MR analysis and showed nominally significant causal effects on serum urate levels ( p = 2.25E–2, Supplementary Data 10 ).

However, a nominally significant difference in vitamin D levels between MILD and OVERT subgroups (OR = 1.038, p = 0.023) was observed.

The difference in this variant's effect size between males and females was found to be nominally significant (pvalue = 0.023) but does not meet the Bonferroni threshold for significance ( Table 1 ).

In three-year longitudinal analysis, neither CDR nor OCT parameters changed in controls (N = 40; P ≥ 0.16), whereas significant increase in CDR ( P = 0.018) and nominally significant decreases in two OCT sectors (nasal, P = 0.023 and nasal inferior, P = 0.046) were noted in suspects.

Nominally significant findings with clinical relevance include a positive correlation between ventricular volume and the severity of language impairment (ρ = 0.38, p = 0.023), ID (ρ = 0.389, p = 0.022), and gross motor function (GMF) impairments (ρ = 0.559, p = 0.0005, p-adjusted = 0.012) ( Fig. 5 A).

Similarly, the MR-PRESSO analysis also indicated a significant association (β = 0.040; 95% CI = 0.017–0.064, P = 0.002) ( Figure 3 ), whereas the weighted median method returned nominally significant results (β = 0.035; 95% CI = 0.005, 0.065, P = 0.023).

In the low-frequency band (0.1–1 Hz), RMS bandwidth (r s = 0.34, p = 0.048) and variance fraction (r s = −0.34, p = 0.048) exhibited nominally significant correlations with cell number prior to correction, as did mid-frequency RMS bandwidth (r s = 0.39, p = 0.023).

In site-specific OA analyses, the nominally significant results of IVW analysis suggested that MtHz was a potentially protective factor for knee OA (OR = 0.632, 95% CI: 0.425–0.939, p= 0.023, Table 1 ).

The difference in BASFI scores was nominally significant before multiple testing correction but borderline afterwards (median 3.65 [IQR 2.38–4.50] vs. 2.90 [2.20–3.60]; p = 0.023, q = 0.052).

In unadjusted analyses, only mtDNA haplogroup H showed a nominally significant over-representation in the rapid pain progressors group (43.4%) compared with non-rapid progressors (39.4%) (OR = 1.179; 95%CI = 1.023–1.359; p = 0.023); however, this association did not remain significant after Bonferroni correction (q-value = 0.115).

Furthermore, results indicated nominally significant associations with lower TMT-B performance for severe psychosocial impairment ( β = −0.11, p = 2.3 × 10 −2 , P FDR = 0.07) and psychotropic medication ( β = −0.13, p = 2.7 × 10 −2 , P FDR = 0.16).

Results of Analysis of RE and Thyroid Function Regarding RE ( Table 3 ), we observed statistically significant novel correlations: (i) a decrease in TSH in OVERT (r = −0.238, p = 0.001); (ii) an increase in vitamin D levels in ALL (r = 0.146, p = 0.005) and nominally significant in OVERT (r = 0.173, p = 0.023) and (iii) nominally significant correlation with a decrease in TgAb antibodies in OVERT (r = −0.194, p = 0.01).

The post hoc LSD analysis revealed nominally significant differences between carriers and noncarriers of the T allele among individuals born in winter ( p = 0.023) and between carriers of the T allele with winter and nonwinter births ( p = 0.045).

Looking across the time-course, TLR3 showed a small, nominally significant difference in response to IL-1β stimulation between control cells and cells deficient for ORMDL3 (F = 3.27, P = 2.31 × 10 –02 ), though significance was not retained following a global P value adjustment.

Within the allergic diseases and moderate-to-severe asthma gene-sets, FLG was nominally significant in the loss-of-function burden test (P = 0.024, OR = 1.473), and eight additional genes passed nominal significance in the high or moderate (PolyPhen > 0.5) impact burden test ( RERE, IQCB1, PPP2R3C, PITPNM2, DYNAP, TSLP, EAF2, RASA2) (Supplemental Tables S9 and S10 ).

One LD block located within the PUM2 exon also had nominally significant association ( P = 0.024).

The remaining three indicators that were nominally significant in the unadjusted analysis (UWF-Artery-TORT, UWF-Vein-D f , and UWF-TORT; with raw p=0.024, 0.034, and 0.026, respectively) no longer reached significance after correction (adjusted p = 0.053, 0.059, and 0.053, respectively).

Moreover, the IVW model showed a nominally significant positive correlation between mood swings (OR: 1.578; 95% CI: 1.062–2.345; P = 0.024) and UFs risk.

The SNP was also nominally significant for decline in global cognitive function (β = −0.113; p = 0.024) in the APOE 3/3 genotype group.

Weaker but nominally significant associations with the consistent direction of the effect were also observed in the APH1B ( p = 0.024), BIN1 ( p = 0.011), SEC61G ( p = 0.015) and SNX1 ( p = 0.048) genes.

For SRT50 F2IC, the global time effect was nominally significant ( p = 0.024), but did not remain significant after FDR correction (q = 0.072), and should therefore be interpreted cautiously.

Within the TH group, Primary and Secondary Depolarization Fractions showed a nominally significant difference ( p = 0.024, d = 0.79), whereas Primary and Secondary Spike/Baseline Ratios did not ( p = 0.065, d = 0.75; Figures 4 and 5 ).

We found nominally significant results consistent with our original multitrait GWAS meta-analysis for the two variants (rs10803431, OR=1.06, p=0.024 in EAS and rs4529910, OR=0.95, p=2.1×10 −4 in EUR and OR=0.96, p=1.9×10 −4 in cross-population; figure 5 and online supplemental table 3 ).

Factor 2 → Social was nominally significant (β = −0.415; p = 0.024) but did not remain significant after FDR; all other Factor-2 paths were non-significant.