“nominally significant”

Two‐tailed p values of ≤.05 were designated to be nominally significant. 3.

With larger sample sizes, it is likely that true associations will emerge, but are currently among this set of nominally significant CpGs and cannot be distinguished from “noise.” Future work in consortia, such as the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) consortium ( Felix et al., 2018 ) may be able to build upon these promising findings in the EARLI study and meta-analyze across studies for CpG-level interrogation.

Although we found a nominally significant association between the I227L variant and ASD, it did not remain significant after post hoc correction.

Following Bonferroni correction (p=0.05/4=0.0125), replication was observed for males, <60 years individuals and <60 years males, while results were nominally significant when all individuals were considered ( table 3 ).

Identification of the PSD3 genetic variant Among the genetic variants tested, three had a MAF >5% in Europeans from the 1000 Genome Project (dbSNP, Current Build 154, released 21 April 2020) and a nominally significant association with liver fat content in the DHS.

Consequently, stringent multiple-testing correction might reduce power to detect true causal effects, necessitating a careful interpretation of nominally significant findings that do not survive strict FDR thresholds.

More specifically, for the causal models we expect to observe at least nominally significant association between the SNP and CRP values, but not if we conditioned on gene expression values.

Also, the UBI effects were nominally significant for the Crh (FC = 1.76x), Sst (FC = 1.59x), Bdnf (FC = 1.25x), Syt4 (FC = 1.22x), Pomc (FC = 2.49x), and Ghrh (FC = 1.63x) genes ( Figure 4 — figure supplement S5 ).

P < 0.05 was considered nominally significant.

Meanwhile, p < 0.05 was regarded as nominally significant. 3.

Interaction between age and sex was nominally significant in a few brain regions, but these relationships did not survive the FDR correction; these regions were the whole brain WM, the temporal lobes WM, the cerebellum WM, and the body of the CC.

In addition, we found that 131 phenotypes in the UKB cohort and 262 phenotypes in the FinnGen cohort were suggested to be nominally significant, including alcohol-related diseases, congenital anomalies, infectious diseases, injuries and poisonings, mental disorders, neoplasms, pregnancy complications, sense organs, and dermatologic, digestive, endocrine/metabolic, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, neurological, hematopoietic, respiratory, or circulatory system problems (see Supplementary Table S10 ).

The Bonferroni method was utilised to correct for the significance threshold ( p < 5.5E‐4), while we considered the association between exposure and outcome as nominally significant when the p ‐value was between 5.5E‐4 and 0.05.

When the full exploratory set of 14 temporal parameters was considered, the strongest group contrasts remained nominally significant but did not reach q < 0.05 after FDR correction (minimum q = 0.074); therefore, the group-based results are interpreted as supportive rather than definitive. 3.8 Summary of the main findings In summary, academic burnout in this higher-education sample was strongly related to established psychological vulnerability and resilience factors, particularly trait anxiety, depressive symptoms, and general self-efficacy.

GO-term analysis on nominally significant genes was performed using PANTHER version 19.0 overrepresentation test.

Exploratory correlations showed only two nominally significant correlations between groups of interest and volumes: right amygdala/anxiety in BPD and right hippocampus/depression in PTSD ( Figure 3 ).

Conversely, a total of eight genes ( CDKN2B , CHMP1B , CHAC1 , DLX3 , SLIT1 , MOSPD1 , ANTXRL , and B3GAT1 ) were identified as differentially expressed for gain or intake in the current meta-analysis and were also nominally significant in the previously performed microarray study [ 4 ].

The categories of 'synonymous SNP' ( p = 0.001) and 'non-synonymous SNP' ( p = 0.001) showed nominally significant over-representation, consistent with the conventional idea that SNPs in coding regions may play important roles in disease susceptibility.

Furthermore, nominally significant findings should be interpreted cautiously because no correction for multiple comparisons was applied.

Although some individual comparisons between statin users and non-users were nominally significant, no significant dose-response among statin users was detected in any analysis ( p -trend > 0.2).

Those features could be used to select SNPs from gray zones (SNPs that are nominally significant but do not reach the genome-wide level of significance) for targeted analyses.

Its gene expression difference between infiltrated and control plants is nominally significant at all time points within 24 hours after injection.

When fitting jointly the two interaction components (genome-by-smoking and genome-by-methylation) the estimates were not significant for either interaction component (or just nominally significant in the case of genome-by-methylation for BMI).

conducted an association study of 10 circadian genes using the Sibling-Transmission Disequilibrium Test (sib-tdt) in an extended family collection (composed of 70 trios and 237 quads) in BD, and identified nominally significant association of three SNPs near or within the CLOCK gene; however, these associations did not survive correction for multiple testing [ 46 ].

In the forward MR analysis, where retinal image-derived traits were treated as exposures, we found nominally significant causal effects for stroke with FP_1 as well as FP_2, and for MI with FP_4 and FP_5 (Supplementary Tables 18 and 19 ).