“nominally significant”

We acknowledge the concern that, given the large number of subgroup comparisons and the very small event counts in most anomaly categories, the few nominally significant P-values in Tables 3 and 4 should be interpreted with caution.

Results There were 42 nominally significant associations between SNPs and CSF monoamine metabolite concentrations, which exceeded the expected number (20) of nominal associations given the total number of tests performed.

Additionally, depression studies across eight cohorts ( n = 1942) using 12 ML strategies, including RF and joint autoencoder-classifier models, identified 1987 nominally significant CpGs, achieving AUCs of 0.73–0.76, though harmonized data reduced predictive power, highlighting preprocessing challenges [ 112 ].

This difference was nominally significant before correction for multiple testing but did not remain statistically significant after Bonferroni correction.

An intersection analysis identified protein–protein ratios with nominally significant, directionally consistent effects across both databases, yielding 5 for LC (after excluding 1 ratio due to reverse causation, as detailed below), 4 for LUAD, 5 for LUSC, and 4 for SCLC (Fig. 3 A–H).

Table 2 shows a nominally significant enrichment of CNVs among autism de novo SNV genes (non-synonymous or loss-of-function), although these do not survive Bonferroni correction.

Two-tailed P value < 0.05was considered as nominally significant.

The P-values for the 41 circulating cytokines were corrected using the false discovery rate(FDR) method, and only those with a FDR < 0.05 were deemed to have relatively convincing causal relationships, while those with FDR > 0.05 and P < 0.05 were considered nominally significant causal relationships 24 .

The summary of these analyses is presented in Table II , while LocusZoom plots of the nominally significant genes is presented in Supplementary Figure S2.

DNA methylation at individual CpG sites demonstrated significant variability within discordant MZ twin pairs with the top-ranked nominally significant differentially methylated position (DMP) located in the HGSNAT gene.

Importantly, the authors found nominally significant enrichment of protective associations of the variant with other phenotypes, including substance use disorders (excluding alcohol), suggesting a genetic effect on both tobacco consumption and dependency phenotypes.

We found that 26 of the 66 detected known PD loci had nominally significant ancestral heterogeneity ( P ANC-HET < 0.05) and 10 remained significant after Bonferroni correction ( P ANC-HET < 0.05/62 MR-MEGA loci) (Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 3 ).

114 SNPs were found to be nominally significant on chromosome 9.

Ten of the fifteen associations identified using the Li & Ji correction remained significant under this more stringent threshold, including the principal thalamic and total brain volume association (≥ 5 repeats), while the other association remained nominally significant.

Significant false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected differences (WASO, sleep efficiency, N1%) are marked in red, nominally significant differences (TST) in black, and non-significant differences in grey.

The increase in the abundance of Lachnoclostridium was nominally significant 3 weeks (F5) into the intervention period and this increase became significant compared with baseline at 4.5 weeks (F6), after which time this genus began to revert to baseline levels (remaining increased compared with baseline at nominal significance).

Associations with generalized epilepsy (GE) For GE, the analysis of 1678 proteins revealed six proteins with nominally significant associations (Figure 3 ).

Table 3 details all nominally significant correlations.

When further controlling for multiple comparisons, none of these nominally significant associations with F 2 -IsoPs was retained, whereas 71 of 213 miRNAs associated with F 2 -IsoP-M remained.

Both GO terms and KEGG pathways with a p -value <0.05 were considered nominally significant. 2.19 Statistical analysis Each treatment group in the current study consisted of three independent biological replicates.

The pooled LVESV analysis showed a nominally significant benefit with MPP, but this was accompanied by substantial heterogeneity and a prediction interval crossing zero, limiting confidence in a universal effect; the benefit appeared more consistent in CRT-naïve patients.

Three of the seven HDL-C variants showed nominally significant association with gallstones ( Supplementary material online, Table S3 ).

The association was nominally significant in the replication sample set and the effect size consistent with the initial observation ( Table 1 ).

Results PheWAS analysis reveals FTO gene associations across psychiatric traits The phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) of the FTO gene considered 4,756 GWAS datasets encompassing a total of 3,302 phenotypic traits and yielded nominally significant associations with 791 traits across 27 domains (Fig.

Out of the four CBS hotspots we examined, three of them were associated with nominally significant expression changes of neighboring genes ( CENPQ , KCNQ5 , and SPG20 ), and these associations were validated in an independent tumor cohort.