“nominally significant”

In our sample, we observed nominally significant between-group differences in the methylation levels of eight CpGs within the CGI in NR3C1 promoter, seven of which were upmethylated in the cohort of institutionalized children.

We applied meta-analyses for SNPs that were nominally significant in the candidate-gene meta-analyses.

Due to the presence of multiple tests, we corrected the P values using the FDR method, and only those with FDR < 0.05 were considered to have relatively convincing causal relationship, whereas results with FDR > 0.05 and P < 0.05 were considered to have a nominally significant causal relationship [ 35 ].

Corrections were applied post hoc when interpreting the results to assess whether nominally significant observations were robust to correction for multiple testing.

See Table 3 for details of the Bonferroni significant associations and Additional file 1 (Addition Table 3 ) for details for all nominally significant results.

SNPs with a p value < 1 × 10 −8 were considered to have genome-wide significance, while those with a p value < 1 × 10 −6 were considered to be nominally significant.

However, within strata of comorbidities, no statistically significant association was observed between monoclonal antibody use and long Covid (Table S11 ), although the association was nominally significant (not attaining the threshold for Bonferroni correction) among participants with two or more comorbidities.

The 12-month regional curvature showed the same direction as the full-cohort analysis; central, temporal, inferior, and superior regions remained nominally significant, whereas the smaller nasal difference was directionally consistent but less precise.

In this study, we made a noteworthy discovery, indicating a nominally significant impact of genetically determined AD on the heightened risk of ASD among individuals of European ancestry.

Association of protein expression with cognitive performance The analysis of the associations between protein levels and cognition in the whole sample revealed nominally significant positive associations between cognitive performance and CRTAM (cytotoxic and regulatory T-cell molecule) and DRAXIN (dorsal inhibitory axon guidance protein).

Results between the threshold and 0.05 were nominally significant.

Following the Venice recommendations, 28 we a priori assigned all nominally significant but unreplicated associations weak epidemiological credibility.

The primary endpoints showed numeric improvements in both HQ-CT and CY-BOCS which were not statistically significant; however, the 3.2-mg arm showed nominally significant improvements in HQ-CT, PADQ, and CGI-C scores vs placebo.

We considered results with p_SMR < 0.05, p_SMR_multi < 0.05, and P-HEIDI > 0.01 as nominally significant associations.

A p -value less than 0.05 was considered nominally significant.

Gene-based analysis and functional enrichment analyses MAGMA gene-based association analysis identified 9 005, 1 438 and 1 393 genes nominally significant ( p gene < 0.05) in the T2D, COVID-19 hospitalization, and severe disease GWAS level association results, respectively.

We found 4 nominally significant results in the replication cohort, but none passed correction for multiple testing.

The findings were similar for the PAX6 SNP rs3026398 , with a nominally significant p value of 0.02 under a dominant model in both the unadjusted and adjusted analysis.

No significant relationship existed between that probe and self-reported postpartum depressive symptoms in this study; however, a nominally significant relationship between that probe and lifetime history of MD was present in this study (tested post hoc), reaffirming the difficulty of comparing studies with related but non-identical depressive phenotypes.

Another interesting finding is FAM101A locus, where there is a nominally significant association with BMI/WFM and VAT but in opposite directions.

Cumulating the results from Truong (2011) , the original study ( Till et al., 2016 ), and the current replication attempt meta-analytically yielded a nominally significant, but small, positive correlation between weekly TV viewing and at least one incorrect response in the 5-item death penalty questionnaire.

Relationship between functional magnetic resonance imaging changes and symptom improvement For each region showing a significant (fearful expressions—corrected cluster threshold) or nominally significant (angry expressions—uncorrected cluster threshold) Group × Time effect, we extracted parameter estimates for each subject and explored their relationship with change in PANSS total and subscale scores.

A list with the nominally significant genes overlapping between the two cohorts is provided in Additional file 3 .

p < 0.05 was considered nominally significant. 2.8 Colocalization analysis The coloc R package was used to assess the colocalization of target genes (eQTL) and VVs (GWAS).

In some cases, very similar models (e.g., only different by inclusion/exclusion of a single variable or 2 in the model) yielded opposite and nominally significant results ( Fig 1E and 1F ).