“nominally significant”

In total, weights for 13,420 transcripts with nominally significant heritability estimates were available.

found an inverse association between BW and total CBCL scores, attention problems and aggression problems driven by males [ 20 ]; additionally, social problems had a nominally significant increase in males with lower BW compared to females, but the sex interaction was insignificant after correction for multiple testing.

We found a strong spearman correlation of 0.21 ( P = 1.5 × 10 −235 ) between nominally significant estimates of h ^ Y and the MR-IVW absolute deviation from the weighted estimate (Fig. 5c ) (Supplementary Data 13 ), suggesting that MR-link-2 detects region-specific pleiotropy accurately (without the knowledge of estimates from other regions).

Individual studies may be underpowered for reliable comparisons and the excess of nominally significant results with an almost consistent direction of higher levels of seropositivity or titer may support the infection hypothesis of BD 27 , 33 , 34 .

We did not see even nominally significant evidence of association, suggesting that genetic control of final height and response to GH are not strongly connected.

However, a considerable number of nominally significant loci are likely to be identified in future studies through the analysis of larger sample sizes or the application of new and innovative methods.

Two-sided P < 0.05 before Bonferroni correction were considered as nominally significant.

False discovery rates were calculated with the Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) tool as the median number of false-positive genes from permutation testing divided by the number of nominally significant genes defined from the unperturbed data 76 .

While individual tests do not withstand correction for multiple comparisons, the number of nominally significant tests and the comparisons showing the expected direction are in significant excess (permutation p=0.019 and 0.004 respectively).

Functional annotation of each of the three neuroticism factors was carried out in FUMA ( http://fuma.ctglab.nl/ ) using all SNPs found within the independent genomic loci that were in LD of r 2 ≥ 0.6, were nominally significant, and had a MAF of ≥0.0005.

Likewise, we observed that of the top 10 associated DMPs (best q = 4.5 × 10 –16 at cg19478962, locating to the noncoding RNA gene LOC643339 ), only three showed nominally significant associations in a sub-analysis of the 39 individuals for whom an uninflamed and inflamed sample each was available for the EWAS.

The 10 mg/kg biweekly group, despite being limited in size and ApoE4+ balance, showed nominally significant differences versus placebo on ADCOMS and ADAS-Cog14 at 18 months of treatment.

Other Patient-Reported Symptoms Dupilumab maintained response in Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS): differences (week 36 minus SOLO-CONTINUE baseline) showed further improvement from SOLO that was nominally significant for dupilumab weekly or every 2 weeks vs placebo; for example, for POEM, dupilumab weekly or every 2 weeks showed significant improvement (least squares mean change from baseline) of 0.3 vs −7.0 for placebo ( P < .001); for DLQI, dupilumab weekly or every 2 weeks showed improvement of 0.2 vs −3.1 for placebo ( P < .001); and for HADS, dupilumab weekly or every 2 weeks showed improvement of 0.8 vs −0.8 for placebo ( P = .01).

A trend (several nominally significant differences) for higher effect sizes in Manchester subsamples compared to the total Budapest sample was seen.

Although nominally significant associations were observed in the age-adjusted model in men, these nominal associations disappeared after adjusting for the other potential confounding variables.

Pioglitazone failed to significantly reduce the composite outcome (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, unstable angina, coronary or peripheral revascularization, and amputation) compared to placebo, but led to a nominally significant 16% reduction in the risk of MACE [ 120 ].

In addition, because we examined multiple correlations and regression coefficients without applying a formal correction for multiplicity, the probability of type I error is increased and some nominally significant findings may be spurious.

Of the additional outcome measures, modest but nominally significant reductions in total and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed in the Avocado Supplemented compared with the Habitual Diet Group.

However, this might simply be a chance finding, despite the nominally significant p -value.

Nominally significant differences for fasinumab 1 mg Q4W versus placebo and naproxen were also observed for ≥50% and ≥70% reductions in WOMAC pain subscale score at week 16 ( figure 3B ).

In only the high-reversibility subgroup (post-bronchodilator FEV1 improvement ≥ 20%; n = 112) was an ACQ change with nominal significance noted; ACQ responses were nominally significant in the 210-mg group (estimated treatment difference, 0.53) but not significant in the higher 280-mg group (estimated treatment difference, 0.38).

User caution is therefore required when interpreting results that do not attain statistical significance, even for well-powered GWASs that produce nominally significant levels of enrichment for highly suggestive cell lines.

Details of nominally significant results are given in Table 1 .

Two variables other than the rs1021737 SNP also displayed nominally significant heterogeneity in the univariate analyses, vitamin B2 (P heterogeneity = 0.02) and the rs3733890 SNP (P heterogeneity = 0.03).

Many other links were nominally significant before correction, but their adjusted q -values rose to 0.0755 and therefore fell just above the significance threshold.