“highly significant”

All of the heritability and correlation estimates were highly significant ( p < 1 × 10 −8 ).

4b and Supplementary Data 2 ), which is highly significant (Binomial Test P -value < 10 −8 ) and suggestive of their functional importance.

The observation that 20 AE-linked cytobands were found in the top 70 hits is highly significant ( P <10 −8 , hypergeometric distribution, with 624 total cytobands in the genome), whereas only 2 cytobands are expected to overlap by chance alone.

The univariate ANCOVA model applied (equation 2 ) revealed very highly significant differences between (1) the culinary oils investigated ( p < 10 −8 , with the exception of cis -2-alkenals for which p = 4.85 × 10 −3 ), and (2) sampling time-points ( p < 10 −8 ) for all aldehydes monitored.

This enrichment is highly significant ( p = 1 × 10 −8 ), especially when considering that all miRNAs may not necessarily disrupt transcript levels.

Paired statistical tests across all datasets indicate that these improvements are highly significant ( p < 1 × 10 −8 ).

Serum levels of 10 biomarkers correlated (r > 0.2, P < 0.05) with the level of fT4 and 12 with the level of TRAb (Supplementary Table). Six biomarkers showed a highly significant increase ( P < 1 × 10 −8 ) between patients with GD and HS ( Fig. 2 ), most significant for TNF receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9).

A burden test adjusted for sex and the first five principal components for the 15 loci revealed highly significant enrichment in rare homozygous, potential compound heterozygous, or hemizygous variants in patients relative to controls (P = 1 × 10 −8 ; odds ratio = 26.6; 95% confidence interval = 7.3–96.6), with 12 carriers among the patients (10.7%, including four homozygotes, one potential compound heterozygote, and seven hemizygotes) vs. three (0.25%, two homozygotes, one hemizygote) among the controls.

We recovered the PCDH15 locus as a highly significant sweep region consisting of more than 300 variants spanning 369.5 kb ( p -value < 10 –8 ), indicating a strong signature of selective sweep.

Furthermore, a highly significant association was found between the presence of the T allele and increased risk of lung cancer (p = 0.00000001), and the results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 1 .

A highly significant relationship was observed between cytokinin dose and GUS activity ( n =119, F =37.99, P =1.02 × 10 −8 , R 2 =0.24) ( Figure 6C ).

This overlap between FMCD genes and the cilia disassembly pathway identified here is highly significant ( P = 1.06 × 10 −8 , Fisher’s exact test; Fig. 5A ), prompting further investigation.

Of these, 19 were expressed in platelets, and String analysis showed a highly significant PPI enrichment ( p = 1.08e- 08).

The correlation between lineage and average sperm length for all 33 males was highly significant (r = -0.811, n = 33, t 31 = 7.71, p = 1.1E-8).

A Kruskal-Wallis test showed a highly significant difference in water collection times between the kebeles in both wet season (chi-squared = 40.0, p = 1.1 × 10 −8 ) and dry season (chi-squared = 42.3, p = 3.5 × 10 −9 ) ( Fig. 3 ).

Despite the small sample number, these changes were highly significant ( P values in a 1-way ANOVA: DUSP11 : 9 hours: P = 1.11 × 10 −8 ; 24 hours: P = 6.27 × 10 −13 ; SRRM1 : 9 hours: P = .00031; 24 hours: P = 1.47 × 10 −9 ).

As expected, a two-sample t -test performed on these raw data confirmed that there was a very highly significant difference between the mean whole-blood HbA1c levels of these two groups ( p = 1.11 × 10 −8 ), with the T2DM one being much greater.

421.33 ± 8.80 pg/mL, respectively, and the difference remained highly significant after adjustment for age and sex ( p = 1.14 × 10 −8 ).

A separate Kruskal-Wallis test for geographical regions also indicated a highly significant effect ( H = 36.56, p = 1.141E-08), with Dunn-corrected comparisons confirming that both the Silesian Upland and the South Greater Poland Lowland differed significantly from the Silesian Lowlands ( p < 0.001), whereas their mutual contrast remained non-significant.

Most importantly in terms of coevolutionary dynamics, the interaction between mosquito species and parasite genetic population had a highly significant effect ( P = 1.191 × 10 −08 ; fig. 5 ).

For the same set of 1392 genes, the most highly significant canonical pathways were “Synaptic Long Term Depression” ( P = 1.2e-8), “Axonal Guidance Signaling” ( P = 3.4e-7), “CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) Signaling in Neurons” ( P = 4.3e-7), “Neuropathic Pain Signaling in Dorsal Horn Neurons” ( P = 4.7e-7), and “Melatonin signalling” ( P = 5e-7).

For the Breast Cancer Ultrasound dataset, even with a smaller average improvement (0.36%, SD ± 0.01%, CI [0.36, 0.37]), the p-value remained highly significant (p = 1.23e − 8).

The Kruskal–Wallis H test showed highly significant effects of water treatment on both plant height ( p =1.23×10 -8 ) and petiole count ( p = 4.40×10 - 12 ).

Analysis of the strain differences produced highly significant results using both ANOVA and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test (p-value = 1.25×10 −8 and 2.37×10 −5 , respectively).

This finding was highly significant, suggesting that individuals with poor sleep quality experience significantly more severe symptoms of IPD ( p = 1.25 × 10 −8 ).