“highly significant”

Considering the noisy estimates of RNA half-lives, also these modest improvements are remarkable, and statistically highly significant ( p < 2.2 × 10 −16 for all three references, t -test).

When miRNA expression levels were averaged for tissue type across animals within the groups, Spearman’s rank correlations between PBMCs and the brain regions are all highly significant ( r s = 0.47–0.57; P < 2.2 × 10 –16 ), although pairwise correlations among the brain regions are markedly stronger ( r s = 0.86–0.99).

The results of the statistical linear regression between RSSI and the logarithm of the node-gateway distance (logD) are robust and highly significant (R2 = 0.808, p -value < 2.2 × 10 −16 , residual standard error = 10.68 dBm).

The enrichment for tryptophan-depletion-induced W>F peptides (44 versus 4) is highly significant, considering the globally reduced protein expression ( P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ; Fig. 2b, d ).

The Kruskal–Wallis test revealed highly significant differences between conditions at 0–24 h (H = 147.38, df = 2, p = 2.2 × 10 −16 ) and 24–48 h (H = 121.46, df = 2, p = 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

On the other hand, when we considered each individual base count independently, we observed that the count of G nucleotides specifically shows a stronger negative correlation (R = −0.22) than the C nucleotide count (R = −0.074) alone ( Figure S5 A), although both correlations are highly significant (P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

The slope coefficients were highly significant ( p -values < 2.2 × 10 −16 ), confirming a strong linear relationship between er and the IM-MS responses.

The coefficients derived from the linear regression of each sample pair were highly significant ( P -value <2.2e-16), and the quality of the fit was assessed using R 2 and regression coefficient values ( Fig. 6B and C ).

8 A–D, GSTO1 expression is significantly elevated in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues across several datasets (E_MTAB_8588, GSE42743 , and TCGA_HNSC), with highly significant p-values (p < 2.2e–16, p = 7.3e–08, and p < 2.2e–16, respectively).

The associations between the type of neoplasm and both the category of lesion and the site of the neoplasm were highly significant at p < 2.2 × 10– 16 (S2).

However, of those that overlapped, there was a highly significant enrichment for effect direction concordance (i.e., increased binding with increased accessibility; OR = 18.0, P -value < 2.2 × 10 −16 ), suggesting replication across these distinct studies.

In B to A and no-change category, a significant (Fisher’s test p-value = 0.0564) number of genes were found to be changing gene expression, while the number of genes changing expression in A to B and conserved genome category was found as highly significant (Fisher’s exact test p-value < 2.2e-16) ( Figure 4C ).

This finding of 50% sensitivity (considering only the peaks that strictly overlap a site) is highly significant (Fisher’s exact test; P < 2.2 e –16) and is a strong indication of the quality of the results, all the more so as the literature derived studies were performed in a variety of species and cell types.

The overall distribution of average within-pair DNA methylation differences showed a highly significant skew to the right in ASD-discordant twins ( P <2.2e−16, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test), with a higher number of CpG sites demonstrating a larger average difference in DNA methylation.

The degree of compartmental conservation is highly significant ( P < 2.2e-16), as ~80% of the genome shows consistent compartmental labeling in at least 16 samples and ~40% is invariant in all 21 samples, in contrast to 7% and 0% to be expected by chance, respectively (Supplementary information, Fig.

Conversely, a robust positive correlation was observed between PKMYT1 expression and TMB, with a correlation coefficient of R=0.4 and a highly significant P value ( Figure 5C , P<2.2e−16).

The correlation of age-trends between mRNA and protein (r = 0.235, p-value < 2.2 × 10 −16 ) is positive and highly significant but much smaller than the correlation of sex-specific differences (r = 0.626, p-value < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

A comparison of activation strength in both assays revealed an intermediate (Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.58) but highly significant correlation ( P < 2.2e−16) of activation values ( Figure 1B ).

Based on the comparison of intact to degraded cartilage, the log-fold-changes in RNA expression and the differences in mean promoter region methylation values demonstrated a small but highly significant correlation (Pearson’s r = −0.08, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 , Fig. 2b , Supplementary Table S7 ).

Transcripts that lose m6A during differentiation show highly significant increase in TE in glioblastoma samples irrespective of subtype (GSC1: p<2.2e-16, GSC2: p<3.4e-11, GSC3: p<2.2e-16) (Fig B in S1 Text ).

Notably, 67% of annotated cancer genes are associated with S100A8/A9 target genes, in comparison to only 55% of noncancer genes, which is highly significant ( P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ; Fisher’s exact test) with contributions from ONG ( P = 2 × 10 −8 ), TSG ( P = 2 × 10 −14 ), and OncoTSG enrichment ( P = 6 × 10 −6 ).

Those CpG sites mapping to Alu sequences showed a highly significant trend of increasing methylation from the older to younger elements ( P <2.2x10 -16 , ANOVA), with mean methylation levels (b ± standard deviation [SD]) of 0.72±0.21 for Alu J, 0.74±0.18 for Alu S, and 0.78±0.17 for Alu Y.

The overlap is very highly significant (Fisher’s Exact Test: Odds Ratio: 9.38; p-value < 2.2e-16).

The test revealed a highly significant enrichment of immune-related genes among the predicted candidates (p < 2.2e-16), with an estimated odds ratio of 48.6 (95% confidence interval: 31.6–78.3), indicating that immune genes were substantially overrepresented in the iM candidate list compared to housekeeping genes. 3.2 Validation of candidates To evaluate the iM-candidates, data from the GSE227616 dataset were compared with the identified candidates.

Single marker analysis revealed that NAL1 _4_31214045 had a highly significant association with tiller number ( p < 2.2 × 10 − 16 ) and explained 22.07% of the phenotypic variance (PVE), while OFP19 _5_15069810 showed a weaker but still significant association ( p = 1.99 × 10 − 5 ), with a PVE of 3.65% (Table 5 ; Fig. 6 A, B).