“an overall trend”

An overall trend showed that the plasmid genes were up-regulated, while chromosomal genes were down-regulated under symbiosis.

This disconnect reflects an overall trend in misinformation regarding health conditions [ 3 , 4 ].

Within the time frame of 10–120 s, the loop current exhibits an overall trend of fluctuation and decline, with the decreasing rate decelerating over time.

The results showed that multiple lncRNAs were significantly correlated with immune checkpoint expression and TIDE scores, with an overall trend resembling the immune phenotype observed in risk stratification ( Figure S3 ).

Also, the use of explainable AI (XAI) methods, such as GradCAM employed by ViT-PSO-SVM, is one aspect of an overall trend toward making AI models more interpretable and transparent, which is important for clinical application and adoption.

This parallels previous studies which found that there was an overall trend toward greater adherence among persons receiving atypical antipsychotic drugs. 1 , 31 Our findings are also consistent with those of a previous study showing that individuals who switched from a typical to an atypical antipsychotic drug were more adherent than those who had their typical antipsychotic drug maintained. 32 Typical antipsychotic drugs are more likely to produce extrapyramidal side effects and akathisia, which may directly lead to nonadherence.

There was an overall trend of fall in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in all the groups, except during the time intervals of 20 and 25 min (during delivery of baby) where there was rise [ Figure 2 ].

An overall trend towards negative correlations was found between structural connection in these tracts and the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale scores.

Indeed, we observed an overall trend toward lower IgM levels in the rabbits that received GPC NPs, with IgM levels being significantly lower after the second immunization (median mean fluorescence intensity [MFI] of 67 versus 320, respectively; two-tailed Mann-Whitney U -test; p = 0.0022), consistent with observations that multivalent antigen presentation accelerates class-switching. 32 We used a previously described lentivirus-based pseudovirus assay to measure the induction of NAb responses. 19 No neutralization was induced after two immunizations ( Table S2 ).

Study duration including time points and analysis strategy In the presented studies, the endpoint and time points appear to follow an overall trend, with typical endpoints ranging from 8–12 weeks, which resembles the typical bone healing process of 6–8 weeks (and in some cases, 12 weeks) in humans and also to make use of appropriate endpoints to validate the outcome.

8 and 9 , it can be seen that the order of ULAM has a non-monotonic effect on the prediction accuracy, and the prediction errors of the mean and variance show an overall trend of decreasing and then increasing as the order increases.

Gas extraction purity: From an overall trend perspective, gas purity gradually decreases over time (with the original range specified as 9.0–5.0 m 3 /min), and the actual value at the current moment is infinitely close to the optimal value of the ideal reference curve.

What would be a better way to address the scientific question of interest? Consider Figure 7 c , where instead of estimating an overall trend, we now look at the trends within dose.

Previous studies have shown an overall trend of positive associations between exercise and strength changes in cancer patients.

It is clearly shown that there is an overall trend for PPV to decrease monotonically as increasing number of predicted site pairs.

The CAT activity of alfalfa leaves after treatment with two pests/plant and four pests/plant showed an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing, with the highest activity occurring after 36 h of feeding.

When looking at successful and unsuccessful discharges, there seemed to be an overall trend with the number of successful discharges increasing over time and unsuccessful discharges decreasing over time in most of the five regions (see Fig. 4 ).

Fossil evidence of interconnectivity of mammalian assemblages over the late-Neogene period shows that longitudinal dispersals across the ‘Old World savannah palaeobiome’ were favoured in the late Miocene, but became increasingly latitudinally fragmented from the Pliocene onwards, with an overall trend towards reduced faunal exchange 11 .

The center of the curve for financial technology shows an overall trend to move to the right, slowly move to the left during 2012–2019, and rapidly shift to the right during 2019–2021.

This impression is supported by analysis of root-to-tip genetic distances for the best-fit rooted tree, which found an overall trend for increasing genetic distance with increasing time since a point in the past ( Fig. 5b ).

The mean Biodiversity Index rose from 1.2 to 3.6, indicating an overall trend toward a more eubiotic gut environment over the study period.

Although we observed an overall trend toward deprescription for some medications, this was not true for all prescription medications.

Most cases were open (66.4%); however, there was an overall trend towards increased robotics, as only 58% of cases were open from 2020 to 2023.

The requirement for health economic assessment fits within an overall trend towards evidence-based decision making in health care [ 5 ].

Although previous research failed to observe significantly different small-worldness index between simple motor tasks and the resting state, there seemed to be an overall trend of decreasing small-worldness indices during a finger-tapping task compared with resting state in the beta band network (Jin et al., 2012 ).