Excerpts

In consistent with this, the association between rs4759076 and mean platelet volume is highly significant ( p = 2.2 × 10 −308 ) [ 30 ].

22A ) and revealed a highly significant correlation of effect sizes (Spearman’s rank correlation) between both types of variants ( r = 0.85, P < 2.2E−308).

Although the number of shared hyperDMRs ( n = 2760) drastically outnumbered the shared hypoDMRs ( n = 195), both were highly significant ( p < 2.2E − 308 and p < 6.0E − 199, respectively, hypergeometric tests, using as background 500 bp genomic regions with at least one CpG and MeDIP and/or MRE signal in at least one sample) (Methods and Fig. 1a ).

In each case, the overlap was highly significant ( p <2.23×10 −308 for all comparisons, hypergeometric test).

The difference between the abundance of MIKC-only and non-MIKC-only prospective tetramers is highly significant, according to a Mann-Whitney U test ( U = 117.5; p < 2.6 × 10 -308 ).

In independent prespecified validation, the MA-PRS was a highly significant predictor of BC, after accounting for family cancer history, in the overall cohort (OR per standard deviation, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.40 to 1.46; P = 8.6 × 10 –308 ) and within each self-reported ancestry (Table 2 ).

Treatment of WT U-2 OS cells with arsenite showed a highly significant and global shortening of RNA upon stress (Mann–Whitney, p-value<10 –307 ) in stark contrast to ΔΔG3BP1/2 cells that showed substantially less shortening (Mann–Whitney, p-value<10 –5 ) ( Figure 6e , Figure 6—figure supplement 1g and h ).

The likelihood ratio test was employed to assess the statistical significance of survival differences, revealing an extremely significant divergence in prognosis between the risk groups ( P = 1.9E−303) (Fig. 8 d).

The analysis of the pathogenic variant in the three main breeds with 96 cases resulted in a highly significant association (p = 6.62x10 -303 ) with CMO.

Prior to pleiotropy test, analysis of genetic correlation between the traits showed a highly significant genetic correlation between t-tau and p-tau181 ( p = 6.99 × 10 −303 ), however, correlation of these two traits with Aβ42 was not significant (p Aβ42 vs t-tau = 0.25 and p Aβ42 vs p-tau181 = 0.27).

These analyses indicated a similarly weak but highly significant correlation ( r 2 ≈ 0.2, p -value < 10 −300 ) across all strains and temperatures, suggesting that short-term heat stress does not significantly alter the correlation between absolute transcript and protein levels.

As expected, there were highly significant correlations (all p < 1 × 10 − 300 ) between air pollution markers and the Townsend index ( NO 2 : 0.496; NO x : 0.436; PM 10 : 0.219; PM 2.5 : 0.448; PM 2.5 absorbance : 0.406; and PM coarse : 0.111).

The chi-square test value was highly significant with a p -value <1.0e−300.

The 6-bp difference from in vivo and nonlinked experiments is highly significant ( p <10 −300 , WMW test) and shows a major role for chaperones [48] in positioning H2A.Z nucleosomes, which is confirmed by the in vitro reconstitutions in the presence of ACF1 and Nap1 [2] .

Analysis of the sequenced reads using the peak recognition algorithm of Model-based Analysis of ChIP-Seq (MACS) [35] gave a highly significant overlap of 11,369 peaks from three profiles ( P <1E-300) ( Figure 1A ).

Association analysis of normalized methylation data (beta-values) from 391,885 CpGs revealed 11,010 sex-methylation associations (SMAs) ( p < 1.26E−07) with some of them being highly significant ( p < 1E−300).

TM content and topology in viral and microbial proteins The distributions of membrane proteins by the number of TM segments in representative sets of prokaryotic and viral genomes show striking, highly significant differences ( p -value < 1e-300 by Chi-Squared test and <2e-16 by Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test) whereas the archaeal and bacterial distributions are indistinguishable (Fig. 3 ).

All of these degrees of overlap are statistically highly significant ( p -value <1 × 10 –300 ).

Results Phenome-wide analyses were conducted across the whole UK Biobank cohort (n=502 490), which recapitulated a highly significant association between trigger finger and carpal tunnel syndrome (p<1 × 10 −300 [odds ratio (OR) 11·97], 95% CI 11·1–13·0; figure 1B ).

A Monte Carlo analysis on the narrow peak overlap showed this was highly significant, detecting only 6.16% overlap with a set of random peaks (100 iterations, p-value < 1 e −300 , see Materials and methods).

We found a highly significant correlation ( r = 0.802 , P < 10 − 300 , Spearman correlation test; Supplementary Figure 1a) between the true and estimated loss rates.

We observed a highly significant increase in MZ twin discordance for CpGs within VMRs versus non-VMR CpGs (p<10 −300 ) ( Fig 5B ).

As expected, we found that overall caQTLs were strongly enriched for local eQTLs (TSS <10 kb from the caQTL); restricting the analysis to caQTLs with no effect on interactions reduced the magnitude of this enrichment, but it was still highly significant in both cases ( Figure 4C left; Fisher’s exact p<10 −300 for each enrichment), suggesting that changes in long-range interactions are not necessary for caQTLs to affect transcription of nearby genes. caQTLs were also enriched for distal eQTLs (p<10 −70 ), but this enrichment was entirely lost when restricting the analysis to caQTLs with no change in long-range interactions ( Figure 4C right; p=0.20).

Remarkably, among the ~300 predicted modules whose sizes are at least 20, 88% have at least one significantly enriched functions, including a few extremely significant ones (ribosome, p < 1E-300, photosynthetic membrane, p < 1.3E-137, proteasome complex, p < 5.9E-126).

Unsupervised analysis identified 2 subgroups (c8.1 and c8.2, Fig.3a ) defined by a gene list which demonstrated highly significant overlap with that defining the prognostic subgroups in both AAV and SLE (hypergeometric p<1×10 −300 ).