Excerpts

These learning-related reductions in activity were also statistically significant in our predefined ROIs in premotor (dorsal premotor cortex – PMd) and parietal cortices (anterior superior parietal lobule – SPLa) ( Figure 3b ): In a 3 (week) x 2 (sequence type) ANOVA on observed activation both main effects and interaction were highly significant in PMd (week: F (2,50) =17.47, p=1.77e −6 ; sequence type: F (1,25) =11.86, p=2.03e −3 ; interaction: F (2,50) =13.22, p=2.46e −5 ) as well as in SPLa (week: F (2,50) =19.14, p=6.73e-7; sequence type: F (1,25) =19.36, p=1.77e −4 ; interaction: F (2,50) =21.59, p=1.74e −7 ).

Results Behavioural data We observed a highly significant main effect of endogenous effort modulation on RTs for correct trials (EXR-RLX: F (1,44) = 30.30, p = 1.79e-06), in addition to the expected main effect of stimulus type (incongr-congr: F (1,44) = 1437.20, p = 3.07e-35).

On average, DESTINI improves cluster coverage by 0.04, which is very small, but statistically highly significant (Wilcoxon pair test P-value = 1.8 × 10 −6 ).

However, this SNP was only borderline significant in the Norwegian sample (p-value = 1.8 × 10 − 6 ).

Cluster 3 had multiple highly significant correlations (203, with an absolute value of rho ≥ 0.5 and P < 1.8 × 10 −6 ) including a group of proline-related metabolites (4-hydroxyproline, prolyl-hydroxyproline, and 4-hydroxyglutamate).

The comparison of circulating STC1 in the 2 groups adjusted for delivery mode, smoking status, maternal age, and prepregnancy BMI resulted in highly significant difference (linear regression, β = 500.8 pg/mL; P = 1.8 × 10 −6 ) ( Figure 1 A).

A highly significant correlation was observed between the change in NI score and the measured change in exon-inclusion level ( r = 0.661, p = 1.9 × 10 −6 ), providing support for the ability of NI scoring to predict changes in splicing regulatory activity resulting from point mutations.

12.4% of the genes with one or more DMRs from S1 to S2 resulted in corresponding transcriptional alterations, which represented a highly significant overlap (Fisher’s exact P = 1.9 × 10 − 6 ).

As a further control, we compared the frequency of homopolymer frameshift mutations in these genes to the proportion of all exonic length 8 C:G or A:T homopolymers mutated across the cohort and found highly significant enrichment of homopolymer frameshift mutations in the MSH6 C8 homopolymer (37.3% versus 23.4%, P = 1.9 × 10 −6 ) and the MSH3 A8 homopolymer (67.3% versus 9.9%; P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

Results We found a highly significant statistical association between circadian pathway genetic variation and the risk of breast (pathway P value = 1.9 × 10 –6 ; top gene RORA, gene P value = 0.0003), prostate (pathway P value = 4.1 × 10 –6 ; top gene ARNTL, gene P value = 0.0002) and lung cancer (pathway P value = 6.9 × 10 –7 ; top gene RORA, gene P value = 2.0 × 10 –6 ), as well as all their subgroups.

In the dominant model, carriers of the rs5743899 G allele or rs3750920 T allele were compared with homozygous individuals for the A or C allele respectively and the difference were highly significant (P = 1.9x10 -6 OR, 1.8 [95% CI 1.4–2.2] and (p = 5.4x10 -6 ; OR, 1.7 [95% CI 1.4–2.2]).

Importantly, the interaction between clinical outcome and time was also highly significant (F = 8.48, p = 1.9 × 10−6), indicating distinct temporal diversity trajectories between responders and non-responders ( Figures 2B and C ).

Ubiquitination and proteasome Surprisingly, we found that a highly significant proportion of genes of the non-cycle oocytes/hESC signature was involved in the protein ubiquitination and proteasome canonical pathway ( P -value ≤ 1.93E-06, using Ingenuity software) (Figure 3A ).

The majority of these (78%) also contain STAT1 peaks, a highly significant overrepresentation (p = 1.97e-6; Table S2 B).

As noted in Table 3 , rs7130284 does not show compelling evidence for association with Hcy in the AA participants included in our meta-analysis (β= −0.069, p=0.023) but the rs11018628 variant reported in WGHS approached borderline significance (β= −0.14, p=2.0 × 10 −6 ).

A systems biology weighted gene co-expression network analysis of 16 human NASH, 10 NAFLD, and 19 normal liver samples identified a highly significant module ( p < 2 × 10 −6 ) associated with RNA processing ( 86 ).

The single exception is Prs3-F[1,2]:Fpr1-F[3], which displayed a small but highly significant fitness advantage (fitness=0.04, P value <2 × 10 −6 , Bonferroni corrected one-sided Student's t -test) that is perhaps due to an adaptive mutation that occurred in the parental PCA strain before barcoding.

This difference between normal and tumor tissue was highly significant (p-value = 2*10 −6 ).

The difference in differentially expressed mature miRNAs in the 22q11.2 del region that showed nominally significant differences in expression compared with mature miRNAs generated from the remainder of miRNA genes on chromosome 22 is highly significant (Fisher exact test, p = 2E-06).

GTEx annotation of nominally significant SNVs by genome-wide association study identified enriched expression of genes in multiple tissues including the heart and lung ( P = 2 × 10 −6 and P = 6 × 10 −4 , respectively (Suppl.

For the VL muscle, a strong and significant correlation was already evident during R 1 ( r = 0.71, p = 0.014), and this relationship intensified to a very strong, highly significant correlation during R 2 ( r = 0.96, p = 0.000002), as depicted in Figure 5 . 4.

In this model, the coefficient for WAS presence was positive and highly significant, as expected (coefficient = 3.24, p = 2 × 10 −6 ), indicating that it was related to an increase in SRB.

SNP rs116121322 in LRRC27 showed nominally significant association with POAG in the discovery cohort (OR = 29.85, P = 2E–06).

Although the sample size was small, this association was highly significant (p=0.000002), warranting further study of variables and associations.

Moreover, the enrichment in these deficiencies observed in MIS-C patients relative to the individuals included in gnomAD was highly significant ( P = 2 × 10 −6 ).