Excerpts

Similarly, the same four variables were also highly significant independent predictors of eGFR decline (defined as 50% reduction from the baseline eGFR) in our cohort (Model 2): baseline eGFR [HR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.98–0.99, p = 1.6*10 −8 ], serum albumin [HR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.35–0.62, p = 2.7*10 −7 ], hemoglobin [HR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.75–0.89, p = 1.5*10 −6 ], and SBP [HR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.03, p = 6.4*10 −3 ].

pneumoniae stimulation, showed a highly significant association in males ( p = 1.6 × 10 −8 ), but not in females ( p = 0.859), nor in the joint analysis ( p = 0.0002), suggesting a male-specific effect.

Gene-based analysis supported the involvement of TRAF2 , MAP2K4 , and MAP3K5 as mediating complications risk and a highly significant trend was identified between the number of risk genotypes and complications risk (P = 1.63 × 10 −8 ).

However, a meta-analysis using a modified random effects model showed more highly significant P values: P = 1.66 × 10 -8 at rs34391416 ( EFCAB4A ), P = 7.56 × 10 -9 at rs147862429 ( CHID1 ), and P = 1.11 × 10 -8 at rs143705409 ( AP2A2 ).

The direction of this enrichment is highly significant ( P = 1.662 × 10 –8 , one-tailed exact binomial test).

In our application, we prioritized nominally significant pleiotropic SNPs that achieved genome-wide significance ( P < 1.67 × 10−8) in the multi-trait analysis and suggestive significance ( P < 1 × 10 −3 ) in the original single-trait GWAS.

However, alpha diversity across subjects (intersubject) was highly significant ( P = 1.68 × 10 –8 ).

Of 47 nominally significant species fecal butyrate associations, community modeling predicted the sign correctly for 43 associations (prediction accuracy: 91.49%, Fisher’s exact test: p = 1.69e-08).

Among the anticancer pathways, the pathways in cancer had the highest enrichment score (7.754) and a highly significant association ( p = 1.7e-8), emphasizing its pivotal role in cancer-related mechanisms.

The BP GO term “response to toxic substance” was highly significant too (16 genes among the top 65; P-value = 1.72e-08), followed close by the more general term “cellular response to chemical stimulus” to which half the genes were related (40 genes of top 88; P-value = 1.41e-07).

The mean granule diameter under MES was 0.018 μm (±0.014 μm), compared with 0.073 μm (±0.043 μm) in the control, corresponding to a 4.0‐fold difference that was highly significant (Welch's t ‐test, p = 1.75 × 10 −8 ).

An example is apolipoprotein B ( APOB ) – E05 thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism) association which achieved P = 9.02 × 10 −9 in pan-ancestry analysis but had borderline significance ( P = 1.77 × 10 −8 ) in EUR-specific analysis.

Spearman correlations indicated that U2AF65 expression correlated significantly with EMSA H3 values, and that the correlation was highly significant in tumor extracts (cytoplasmic p = 1.8e-8; nuclear p = 5.9e-5; total p = 1.8e-8; Table 3 a, Additional file 4 ).

The p -value of the SNP associated with E1 was highly significant in the two collections: p = 1.83E-08 in the core collection and p = 1.21E-11 in the total collection.

We extended this method to allow for the fact that many of our families had multiple affected offspring (see supplementary methods ) and found that the imprinting-only model was preferred ( supplementary table 4 ); under that model, the imprinting effect was highly significant ( p = 1.85 × 10 −8 ) with the ratio of allelic effects for paternally to maternally inherited alleles equal to 0.75.

A total of 248 predicted targets for all six proliferation-related miRNAs were mapped to the HCC DE genes, with a highly significant enrichment P -value ( P -value = 1.85 × 10 − 8 ).

The LD score regression analyses revealed a strong and highly significant genetic correlation ( r g =0.83, s.e.=0.15, P =1.85 × 10 −8 ) between lifetime cannabis use and lifetime cigarette smoking (based on the Tobacco Alcohol and Genetics consortium 31 summary results), implying that SNPs for lifetime cannabis use and lifetime cigarette smoking are highly correlated.

Kolmogorov–Smirnov test shows that the delay in developmental time for Ly4 in aged human subjects is highly significant ( p = 1.89 × 10 −8 ) [ 39 ].

In the present study, our much larger case number (4890 for ASD-related disorders) and the large number of missense mutations identified in TRIO (11 ASD cases, as compared to 1.07 cases expected for the same number of individuals in the general population) dramatically improved the statistics, leading to a highly significant whole genome association of TRIO with ASD-like syndromes ( P -value of < 1.96 × 10 −8 ; Supplementary Table 3 ).

For menstrual fever (QOL impact), we observed a nominally significant association signal at chr6:154.33–154.46 Mb (top SNP: rs17181171; P = 1.98 × 10 −8 ) that overlaps over half of the 5′-end of the opioid receptor mu 1 ( OPRM1 ) gene (Fig. 5a ) and contains 65 high LD SNPs (Supplementary Worksheet S6).

A cluster of variants in ANO2 (encoding anoctamin 2, a calcium-activated chloride channel expressed on photoreceptor cells) on chromosome 12 reached the level of significance for loss of ≥5 letters after 1 year of treatment ( P < 5 × 10 –8 ), with the ANO2 rs2110166 SNP demonstrating highly significant association ( P = 1.99 × 10 –8 ).

The probability of obtaining male versus female pups from fl/fl-Cre or wt/fl-Cre females was highly significant (P<2 × 10 −8 ).

Single-marker and pairwise interaction analysis using LR Single-marker analysis showed highly significant disease association with rs2476601 ( p = 2 × 10 -8 ), and nominally significant effects for rs237025 ( p = 0.003) and CT60 ( p = 0.038) in both the median-replaced and the imputed data sets (see Figure 2a and 2c ).

abortus S99 sLPS) was tested and shown to be highly significant ( p = 0.00000002).

8b , right), where the slope of the fit decreases by more than half in the resting as compared to the running state across all combinations of N t and L , yielding a highly significant difference (two-tailed, paired t -test; p = 2e − 8, t = 9.2, df = 19).