Excerpts

Additionally, after a Bonferroni correction for the testing of 8 traits, we also identified highly significant QTNs with P ≤ 6.25 × 10 –9 [i.e., (5 × 10 –8 )/8].

Fisher’s Exact Test revealed a highly significant p-value (p-value = 6.52e-09), indicating a statistically significant difference between the observed DEG overlap and random overlap.

This large region also includes the highly significant tag SNP (ALGA0079529, p -value = 6.53 × 10 −09 ) that is within the STOX1 gene.

For PET imaging, increasing MTV between T0 and T2 was highly significant for worse OS and PFS ( p = 6.678 × 10 −9 and p = 6.973 × 10 −6 ).

Statin free individuals were further stratified on sex ( Figure 1 , right-hand panel, squares and diamonds), revealing a highly significant effect in females; at best, the TC-PGS explained 19.0% of the variance in PREVENT-AD ( p = 6.70 × 10 −9 , p -value cut-off 1 × 10 −10 ) and 13.1% of the variance in ADNI ( p = 9.6 × 10 −4 , p -value cut-off 1 × 10 −7 ).

Additionally, the Fisher’s LSD test showed highly significant differences within genotypes for HCS (p = 6.7e -9 ), DV85 (p = 2e -9 ), and NDCMP49 (p = 4.6e -10 ;).

Chi-square test showed that the association of number of exposures to the risk of alloimmunization was highly significant ( P = 6.843e-9).

The most highly significant estimate corresponded with the downregulation of PINX1 (z = -5.79, p = 6.89E-9), a potent inhibitor of telomerase [ 37 ].

The resulting test of diversifying selection acting on the duplicated Steep1 was highly significant ( P = 6.95E−9).

Classification Results In logistic regression analysis using the 150 best signal features, the difference in MCG findings between STEMI and control patients was statistically highly significant ( p = 0.000000007) ( Figure 4 ).

A highly significant inverse correlation was observed between 8-oxodG level in sperm DNA and sperm concentration ( r = −0.52; p = 0.000000007) ( Figure 2A ), for the whole study population.

In addition, module membership (MM) of the individual genetic features in the Green module demonstrated a highly significant correlation with their respective gene significances (GS) for the cancer trait ( r = 0.75, P = 7.1 × 10 −9 , Figure 3C ).

We found a highly significant increased frequency of mutations in familial cases compared to nonfamilial cases ( P = 7.1 × 10 −9 ).

This difference from 90° was highly significant (one-sided p = 7.5 × 10 −9 , Wilcoxon signed-rank test vs. 90°, Figure 2 J), revealing that, as in the locust, odor ON and OFF responses in mouse OB glomeruli are inverted relative to each other.

The effect was strong and highly significant (Mann–Whitney U test p value = 7.6 × 10 −9 ).

The negative correlations between the coselection scores and SPL were highly significant in all four groups ( P = 7.8 x 10 − 9 , 2.9 x 10 − 9 , 2.9 x 10 − 9 , and 6.7 x 10 − 12 for YRI, EAS, CEU, and combined, respectively).

Eleven of the 21 genes were also found in a list 180 genes compiled from published PCa outcome signatures (Additional file 2 ), which is a highly significant enrichment ( P -value = 7.9e-9, Fisher’s exact test), especially when considering that no gene information was used to infer our signature.

In the subsequent age group of 4–6 years ( n = 80), the mean ratio (1.22 ± 1.58) was slightly below the meta-mean (1.54), showing marginal statistical significance in parametric testing ( t -test, p = 0.074), yet highly significant differences emerged with non-parametric methods (Wilcoxon test, p = 8.03 × 10 −9 ; Binomial test, p = 3.16 × 10 −12 ), albeit with a relatively smaller negative effect size (Cohen’s d = −0.20).

Our results show a clear trend of increased total lipid levels with the progression of pregnancy (R 2 = 0.78, FDR-adjusted p -value = 8.05 × 10 −9 , Figure 1 ).

In GENRA/SLESS one further haplotype was observed, which was not present in Europeans [encoded by HLA-DRB1 *14:04; MAF = 0.005; OR = 0.96]. Omnibus tests showed highly significant associations for amino acid positions 11 and 13 in HLA-DRβ1 ( P = 8.1 × 10 − 9 , P = 7.8 × 10 − 9 , respectively) and case–control status in GENRA/SLESS, but not positions 74 ( P = 0.017) and 71 ( P = 0.20).

The effect of temperature was highly significant in an ANOVA ( P = 8.16E−9), which was corrected for gene variation while the bacteria effect was barely higher than the acceptance level of α = 0.05, due to the smaller effect size ( P = 0.0557).

The overall model was highly significant ( p = 8.18E-09), indicating significant factor effects on the number of axial buds growing from the rootstock.

Notably, although we identified WMG-2 in the predominantly MNA cluster 3, Kaplan-Meier analysis of low-risk tumours in the SEQC dataset (n=322) with WMG-2 demonstrated a highly significant association of low WMG-2 with poor survival (p=8.2 x 10 -9 ) ( Figure 5 D , right).

These differences were highly significant between sessions (Pearson's χ 2 = 46.2, df = 5, p = 8.21e9).

Among the genes overexpressed in LF, 6 were putatively involved in insecticide resistance which represents a highly significant overrepresentation for these genes ( χ 2 with Yates correction for continuity, χ 2 = 33.21 , P -value = 8.29 e- 09 ).