Excerpts

Notably, despite the absence of a significant indirect effect through AIP, TG exhibited a highly significant total effect on gout, driven by a strong direct effect independent of the AIP pathway (ADE = 0.1013, p < 2 × 10 −16 ) (Fig. 2 G, H, I, J) (File S1 : Table S13 – S17 ).

Phrase duration of female response songs differed highly significant among the five groups of females (ANOVA F 4,71 = 52.7, p = 2 × 10 −16 ).

The total effect of the overall model did not quite pass our significance threshold of alpha <0.05 (total effect, p = 0.064), but we saw a significant average direct effect (ADE) of BMF on eGFR (ADE = −4.458, p = 0.012) and a highly significant average causal mediation effect (ACME) of BMF via 3-IS on eGFR (ACME = 1.343, p < 2E−16; Figure 7 B).

t-PGCS DNMs and likely post-zygotic DNMs) we first fit a simple Poisson regression model that calculated the effect of paternal age on total autosomal DNM counts in the R statistical language (v3.5.1) as follows: glm(autosomal_dnms ~ dad_age, family = poisson(link='identity’)) This model returned a highly significant effect of paternal age on total DNM counts (1.72 DNMs per year of paternal age, p<2e-16), but was agnostic to the family from which each third-generation individual was ‘sampled.’ Importantly, a number of third-generation individuals in the CEPH/Utah cohort share grandparents, and may therefore be considered members of the same family, despite having unique second-generation parents ( Figure 3—figure supplement 1 ).

Immune gene expression differs by tissue The overall effect of tissue (gut versus whole body) on gene expression was highly significant (MANOVA, F 1,89 = 31.34, p < 2 × 10 −16 ).

Finally, note that RRF was actually so fast at small chunk sizes that there was a significant overhead associated with our parallelization of the algorithm (Methods), as linear models fitted to only chunk sizes less than 200 were highly significant ( P <2.00×10 −16 ), with negative slopes (Fig. 1 b).

The effect of time alone was highly significant (P< 2 × 10 -16 , 99.999% CI), though genotype-time interaction was not statistically significant (P = 0.4904, 5% CI) ( Figure 5C ).

A highly significant difference in allelic frequencies was observed across all analyzed polymorphisms (chi-squared test, p < 2 −16 ).

Distance to the sea is also highly significant (R 2 = 0.47, p <2e -16 for Tajima’s D).

The above nearly significant interaction, when comparing the 50 vs. 100% treatments, is marginal in comparison to the differences in density across weeks ( z = −16.916, p < 2e-16).

Laminar quantification showed a highly significant difference in Iba1 intensity across cortical layers [ F (4,531) = 90.19, p < 2 × 10 –16 ; one-way ANOVA] with the highest intensity in L1 ( Figure 7E ; L1 vs.

The variance analysis showed a highly significant municipality effect ( p < 2 × 10 −16 ), and the multivariable GLM confirmed strong spatial heterogeneity in TIR. 4.

The categorical, as well as the smoothed fixed, effects were all highly significant ( p < 2 × 10 − 16 ).

An analysis of ChEMBL data demonstrated a highly significant relationship between bioactivities in human and rat targets ( R = 0.71, p < 2 e - 16 ), although outliers were identified for targets such as the Histamine H 3 receptor ( Kruger and Overington, 2012 ).

Cross-treatment comparison of the within-participant changes revealed a highly significant reduction in absolute Framingham risk favoring torcetrapib plus atorvastatin over atorvastatin alone (−1.5%; P =2e−16).

Females had significantly longer forearms (mean = 61.8 mm) than males (mean = 58.5 mm), with non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals and a highly significant t-test result (t = −12.68, p < 2 × 10 − 16).

Interestingly, in all tumors FOXP3 expression is highly significant, positively associated to GZMB expression levels ( p -value = 2.0E-16) Adaptive immune response strongly depends on the B cell response.

Using the aggregated network, we observed that the number of first-degree protein partners was higher in selected MR gene-traits as compared with gene-traits that did not reach statistical significance ( p < 2e−16).

However, the overlap between these two very different approaches is highly significant (Fisher's exact test, p < 2 × 10 −16 ), and the functional enrichments they identify are similar (see below).

The association between miR-100 and EMT markers was further validated in human tumors: from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer data [17] , we observed a moderate but significant inverse correlation between miR-100 and E-cadherin expression levels ( Rs = −0.1, P = 0.006, Figure 1F ) and a highly significant positive correlation between miR-100 and vimentin expression levels ( Rs = 0.43, P <2×10 −16 , Figure 1G ). miR-100 suppresses tumor growth and is downregulated in human breast cancer We performed TCGA data analysis to determine the expression levels of miR-100 and miR-22 in human breast cancer.

The first GLM, which included all values, returned a highly significant relationship between time spent in male germline and the observed substitution rates ( P < 2e-16; odd ratio 1.16, 95% CI: 1.1622–1.1626).

The results revealed that genotypic differences were highly significant (F = 15.97, p < 2e–16), indicating substantial variation among genotypes for the trait under study.

Indeed, the fit of all points rather than of the medians were poor although the (anti-)correlation was highly significant (R 2 = 0.01, p < 2e −16 in both cases).

We repeated the moving average analysis (see Materials and Methods) comparing the distribution of mutations in the HS cluster and WT V regions and again found a highly significant positive correlation ( r = 0.52, P < 2 × 10 −16 ).

The effect of mammalian molecular evolutionary rate was highly significant ( p < 2 × 10 −16 , Table 1 ).