Excerpts

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays determined highly significant differences between apocrine-dominant sweat (AP), saliva before exercise (SBE), and saliva after exercise (SAE) cortisol concentration (AP-SBE: p = 0.0017, AP-SAE: p = 0.0102).

3A,D : F (2,26) = 2.51, p = 0.10) was a nonsignificant trend, the number of cFos-positive cells was significantly decreased in the CPu (Fig. 3B,E : F (2,30) = 7.871, p = 0.0018) and the dorsal hippocampus (CA3) (control: 100 ± 10.3, PS: 80.7 ± 11.1, ES: 59.5 ± 9.7; F (2,30) = 3.761, p = 0.0349) of ES mice compared to controls, with a similar non-significant trend observed in the dorsal DG (Fig. 3C,F : F (2,30) = 3.217, p = 0.0542).

Following this statistical study, the model was highly significant, which was confirmed by the Fisher test of F-model value = 14.89, and 9.172 on 9 and 6 DF, and p-value = 0.001881, and 0.00695 for E 24 , and hydrocarbon degradation, respectively.

Correlation analysis revealed highly significant positive linear relationships between the extent of an elephant’s entire range and their respective hot spots (Table 3 , r = 0.75, t = 3.97, df = 12, p = 0.0019), indicating that elephants with smaller entire range extents also have smaller sized hot spots.

Group differences Multivariate statistical analyses of the relative proportion of each substance sampled from the 15 family groups revealed highly significant differences in chemical profiles of temporal (ANOSIM, global R = 0.45, p < 0.0019), genital (ANOSIM, global R = 0.45, p < 0.0001) and buccal (ANOSIM, global R = 0.39, p < 0.0001) secretions between groups (Table 2 ).

Overall, there was a highly significant correlation between read abundance generated by the two primer sets for each FT in the datasets (R = 0.37, p = 0.002, see Supplementary Information Fig.

Five additional miRNAs (miR-664-3p, miR-592-5p, miR-484, miR-687 and miR-192-5p) showed expression differences which were close to significance (significance cut-off: p < 0.002).

The interaction term was only marginally significant, and post-hoc t-tests revealed a decrease in response time with practice in the SI group (p = 0.002), but not in the II group (p = 0.358).

6 g,h), this cyst-inhibiting effect of CIM0216 was highly significant for both cyst area ( p -value < 0.002) and number ( p -value < 0.004), the effect size being particularly marked in the case of area.

Individuals that heard predator vocalizations 7 days previously demonstrated a highly significant (Fig. 2a ; F 1,8 = 21.0, P = 0.002), 48% greater level of ΔFosB immunoreactivity (positive cells/mm 2 ) in the amygdala than did those that heard non-predator vocalizations 7 days previously, as well as a highly significant (Fig. 2b ; F 1,8 = 12.1, P = 0.008), 42% greater level of ΔFosB immunoreactivity in the hippocampus (n = 6 predator and 6 non-predator individuals).

The spatial frequency threshold, a measure of visual behavior, showed a highly significant decrease in Herc3 -/- mice (Fig. 5 a, p = 0.002) compared to Herc3 + / + mice.

For instance, a highly significant increase of UpT CDI can be observed in Chr7, Chr16, Chr17 and Chr19 (p < 0.002 in comparison to all other chromosomes by chi squared test), while an increase of DownT CDI is detected in Chr2, Chr4, Chr5, Chr6, Chr13, Chr18, Chr21 (p < 0.002).

ANCOVA analysis indicated a highly significant main effect of the “water” (p = 0.002) whereas the effects of “irradiance” or “origin” were not significant.

The difference between the irradiated and non-irradiated group was highly significant ( P = 0.002).

Head-butting is found to have a highly significant statistical effect on reconstructed head posture (F = 39.467; p-value = 0.002), with a difference of 13° between head-butting and non-head-butting species on average (Fig. 7 ); however, with only 1° difference on average (Fig. 7 ), the same is not true for the neutral head posture (F = 3.126; p-value = 0.591).

The linear predictor for minutes spent in REM was marginally significant ( p = 0.067) whereas the quadratic predictor was highly significant (Fig. 4b ; p = 0.002).

Only two correlations survived FDR correction for multiple comparisons, with a third being marginally significant: A negative correlation of Antisocial Attitudes with Stomach Activation (ρ = − 0.21, p = 0.002, p FDR = 0.03) and with Heart Activation (ρ = − 0.19, p = 0.003, p FDR = 0.03), and an almost-significant negative correlation of Impulsivity with Head Activation (ρ = − 0.17, p = 0.01, p FDR = 0.06; Fig. 2 c).

Similarly, to attentional and behavioral response, the interaction was highly significant: nomDF/denDF = 3/4089, F = 5.11, p = 0.002.

Body boundaries showed highly significant correlations with both ‘altered experience’ (r = − 0.419, p = 0.002) and `altered state’ (r = − 0.417, p = 0.003).

With highly significant results for all metrics (e.g., accuracy p = 0.002, AUC p = 0.001), SVM performs significantly better than Decision Tree, even when the strict Bonferroni-adjusted significance threshold (α = 0.003) is applied.

The extent of cysteine oxidation varied with cysteine residue position and was highly significant in YIC (SO3H) ENQDSISSK ( P < 0.002 ), RPC (SO3H) FSALEVDETYVPK ( P < 0.03 ) and ALVLIAFAQYLQQC (SO3H) PFEDHVK ( P < 0.02 ), as analyzed by ANOVA.

Lower ratio of kallistatin to total protein in BALF showed a significant trend toward elevated neutrophil counts (P = 0.002) in BALF and increased mortality (P = 0.046).

Nevertheless, despite the reduced number of subjects, we still observed a highly significant ventriloquist effect for invisible trials (experiment 1: 0.07 ± 0.02, t(27) = 3.22, p = 0.002; Cohen’s d: 0.61 ± 0.54; experiment 2: 0.08 ± 0.03, t(12) = 2.84, p = 0.007; Cohen’s d: 0.79 ± 0.8) (Fig. 2 ).

In the 9-digit sequences it was, in contrast, slightly (not significantly; p = 0.093) larger in the control task, and the same effect was highly significant in the 13-digit sequences (p = 0.002).

Analysis of the first 15-min time-window only, the point at which morphine-induced locomotion was typically largest, revealed a highly significant drug × day interaction [F(3,18) = 7.35; p = 0.002], reflecting the widening difference between saline and drug days as conditioning progressed: activity increased across morphine days, but decreased across saline days.