Excerpts

The final scale comprised six items, including “I can propose original and practically significant research questions” and “I can interpret the research questions from a new perspective”.

When plotting the patient-risk-adjusted SMR against the number of neonatologists, a clear trend of decreasing SMR was observed as the number of neonatologists increased.

There were no significant differences in LASr, LAScd, LASI, or LAVi between the 3 groups; LASct was borderline significant ( p -value 0.049).

Between 2008 and 2015, outbreaks of porcine pasteurellosis showed an increasing trend.

With decreasing soil water content, the Ci values of both DT and DS gradually increased, while the other five photosynthetic parameters showed a decreasing trend.

BIS-11 scores showed a trend-level effect on RPE modulation, possibly because impulsivity is associated with reward processing 17 , 18 , 63 and might influence RPE to some extent, it primarily impacts MF rather than MB learning, thus limiting its effect on RPE modulation.

A decreasing trend in σ is noticed as follows: TTB5 (0.393) > TTB6 (0.354) > TTB4 (0.338) > TTBR (0.324) > TTB3 (0.317) > TTB1 (0.316) > TTB2 (0.314) in eV –1 .

Conversely, the mortality rate displayed an increasing trend, peaking at 0.77 per 100,000 in 2011.

Pavement age (Coef: 2.745, T-value: 11.37, P-value < 0.05) emerges as a highly significant factor, with a positive coefficient indicating that for each unit increase in pavement age, spalling severity is expected to increase by 2.745 units.

In this study, soil health showed a decreasing trend with the number of years of cultivation.

Likewise, fungal diversity displayed an increasing trend over the same period ( Fig. 1 c ) , with the Y10 treatment showing a 21.97% increase in the Chao 1 index compared to the CK.

43 that “in the recent 50 years, there was an obvious trend of dry to wet in the Hexi region, especially after 1990”.

44 “Northwest China showed a trend of wetting from 1961 to 2016”.

The degree of drought in the Hexi Corridor shows a decreasing trend, which is consistent with the conclusion of Fu et al. 48 that “the degree of drought is decreasing in the Hexi Corridor”.

Furthermore , hydrogenated adipose tissue showed a trend toward increased gene expression levels of adiponectin and decreased gene expression levels of chemerin , an adipocytokine involved in adipogenesis.

Using qPCR, we analyzed the gene expression levels of several cytokines that may be involved in atherosclerosis and observed a decreasing trend for chemerin and an increasing trend for adiponectin.

5 a–d), except for ASC, which showed a trend although not reached statistical significance ( P = 0.08), supporting that the anti-inflammatory function of early HBO treatment depends on ROS.

wexlerae showed an increasing trend due to metformin (Fig. 3 b, Supplementary Fig.

Additionally, the number of Ly6G + neutrophils and CD68 macrophages in the pancreatic tissues of AP revealed a highly significant increase compared to the Control group, along with elevation of the serum inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (Fig. 1 E–I).

From 2015 to 2020, the high-quality development level of the Tibetan sheep industry in Haibei Prefecture, Hainan Prefecture, Haixi Prefecture, and Huangnan Prefecture showed an increasing trend, among which Haibei Prefecture increased from 0.2784 to 0.6993, with a growth rate of 151.19%.

Additionally, the number of hotspot counties exhibited a fluctuating upward trend, indicating an increasing trend in influenza incidence rates in northern Xinjiang and an expanding trend.

Given the vast territory and uneven population distribution in Xinjiang, there may be significant differences in influenza incidence rates across different regions.

The spread of influenza in northern and eastern Xinjiang showed a trend of continuous expansion.

Previous research also indicated that both the environment and genotype had a highly significant impact on the differences in fruit shape 33 .

Beyond this point, a decreasing trend was observed.