Excerpts

The model testing the effects of age, site, and δ 13 C and δ 15 N values in relation to the percentage of carious teeth per individual ( n = 83) was highly significant (χ 2 = 65.4, df = 77, p < 0.000).

In the rural area a decreasing trend was shown from 2012 to 2019 ( p < 0.00).

The results for normalized FFMI are consistent with those relative to FFM ( Table 1 -I): the effect of time was highly significant ( p -value = 0), with a strong positive Estimate (0.4807), indicating a constant and marked increase in FFMI during the rehabilitation period.

Both parameters revealed highly significant correlations with age, with PWVao showing a correlation coefficient of 0.75 ( p = 5.74 × 10 −58 ) and age with SAF showing a correlation coefficient of 0.69 ( p = 1.03 × 10 −45 ) ( Figure 1 A).

Over the 17 trials reporting on length of ICU stay, there is highly significant heterogeneity in the effect of vitamin C with I 2 = 90% ( p = 10 −24 ) ( Table 2 and Figure S1 in Supplementary file S1 ).

Blood glucose concentrations at each time were subjected to RMANOVA examining for the main effects of time and treatment and the time × treatment interaction; after demonstrating a highly significant time × treatment interaction ( p = 1.2 × 10 −17 ), blood glucose concentrations at each time were subjected to RMANOVA followed by Tukey’s test, as described above for AUC.

DAPs Are Involved in Wound Repair and Blood Coagulation Are Associated with Hydration Protein–protein interaction analyses of DAPs using STRING [ 19 ] resulted in a highly significant clustering (PPI enrichment value of p < 1.0 × 10 −16 ) consisting of 34 nodes and 126 edges ( Figure 2 ).

Figure 3 illustrates the interactome for DS3, featuring 257 edges, 57 nodes, an average node degree of 9.02, and a highly significant PPI enrichment p -value of <1.0 × 10 −16 .

Specifically, comparisons between the ≥5-year group and both the 3–4-year and 0–2-year groups were highly significant (both p < 2 × 10 −16 ), as was the comparison between the 3–4-year and 0–2-year groups ( p = 0.0037).

After including non-LA ω-6 PUFA in the model, the association of the FADS with LDL-c remains highly significant ( p < 2.0 × 10 −16 ).

Using a pairwise comparison of 5286 genes with adjP ≤ 0.1 for log fold change of WT MR versus WT Con and NRF2 KO MR versus NRF2 KO Con, the correlation of the effect of MR in the two genotypes was highly significant (R 2 = 0.64, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 , Supplementary Figure S2 ).

A Cochran–Armitage test for trend confirmed a highly significant positive association between engagement level and success rate (χ 2 = 85.34, df = 1, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ) ( Figure 3 ). 3.4.

Furthermore, a hypergeometric test indicated that the identification of 18 seasonal genes out of 363 may have occurred by chance ( p = 0.4233), whereas the 87 vitamin D target genes among the 873 circadian genes were highly significant ( p = 1.1976 × 10 −12 ).

Notably, magnesium, potassium, Folate, and vitamins A, C and E demonstrated highly significant associations with Prudent dietary adherence ( p < 1 × 10− 10 ), consistent with their known roles in oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular health [ 67 ].

In the whole population ( Table 3 ) we found a highly significant association between age (as continuous in years) and a lower taste perception for all tastes and for their sum (B = −0.070 (0.029) points/year age; p = 2.4 × 10 −9 ) even in the multivariate model (model 3) adjusted for sex, BMI, diabetes, smoking and medications.

In the subsequent age group of 4–6 years ( n = 80), the mean ratio (1.22 ± 1.58) was slightly below the meta-mean (1.54), showing marginal statistical significance in parametric testing ( t -test, p = 0.074), yet highly significant differences emerged with non-parametric methods (Wilcoxon test, p = 8.03 × 10 −9 ; Binomial test, p = 3.16 × 10 −12 ), albeit with a relatively smaller negative effect size (Cohen’s d = −0.20).

There were highly significant correlations between the FDDB and PRODI ® tools for daily energy and macronutrient intakes (correlations ranging from 0.849 to 0.929; p ≤ 10 −8 ) ( Table 2 ).

Despite a large gap between variance explained by GWAS and the total variance of the trait, it has been shown that marginally significant SNPs that do not reach genome-wide significance ( P < 5 × 10 −8 ) contribute to the explained variance in the trait [ 24 ].

A p value < 1 × 10 −5 was considered as suggestive of significance and a p value < 5 × 10 −8 was regarded as having genome-wide significance. 3.

Additionally, a highly significant difference was observed in the β-cell function across the Chinese diabetic stages ( p < 0.0000001).

Table S2 shows that the odds ratio (OR) increased from 0.8851 to 0.9323, and the corresponding p -values changed from highly significant ( p = 7.15 × 10 −7 ) to non-significant ( p = 0.136), implying that the relationship between DASH score and HTN may be partially mediated by obesity.

At the national level, it also showed a negative trend between prevalence and SDI (R = −0.33, p = 2 × 10 −6 ) ( Supplementary Figure S6A ).

However, the test results for subgroup differences were highly significant (Chi 2 = 49.43, df = 1, p < 0.00001), suggesting a strong gene–diet interaction.

Microbial composition was compared across samples using Bray–Curtis dissimilarity, demonstrating a highly significant difference ( p < 10 −5 ) between feces and tissue ( Figure 1 A).

The average decrease in pain intensity for all 11 patients was 26.0 rating points, or a 46.4% reduction in overall pain, and was highly significant ( p < 0.00001).