Excerpts

As a result, an increasing trend up to 410 HV for the hardness was found with increasing annealing temperatures, thus suggesting a possible α-case [ 70 ].

When the load was higher than 30 N with a sliding speed of 2.75 m/s, there was an increasing trend in the wear rates for all the samples.

The variance in the HEA coating thicknesses was quite significant and exceeded the erosion effect observed for all the samples.

Such a decreasing trend of the strength with the slenderness is due to the effect of an increase in the shear length, H eff (see Figure 2 ).

In addition, Du Plessis’s model shows a decreasing trend of K / d p 2 with porosity.

For all the moisture concentration values considered, the natural frequency values showed an increasing trend with an increase in the skew angle.

For both SSSS and CCCC boundary conditions, the natural frequency follows a decreasing trend with increasing temperature values.

However, its contribution in some cases may be significant [ 60 ]. 4.4.

The cutting temperature variation at different cutting times shows a decreasing trend from 300 °C (i.e., the boundary temperature) as the distance from the coating surface increases.

A significant variation of mechanical properties inherent in such steels, even for the initial state of the metal, was taken into account, so the operational change in certain properties could be stated only by identifying a clear trend.

For metaluminous alkaline earth compositions, they report a clear trend to lower NBO concentrations with increasing NM radii [ 25 ].

The different behavior shown in all the samples is quite significant, with different decomposition temperatures and the number of decomposition stages depending on the substituent heteroatom ( Figure 5 a).

In the matter of the difference between the growth rate at the two crack ends, it increases (i.e., the crack tip growth rates ratio (d a /d N ) 2 /(d a /d N ) 1 decreases) with the drop in the initial projected short-branch length and in the initial branch angle, not observing a clear trend with the intensity of fatigue (SIF range).

According to this figure, the stiffness curves obtained with the standard fatigue simulation show a decreasing trend due to the gradual degradation of the mechanical material properties as the number of cycles increases before a consistent decrease of stiffness due to the sudden degradation.

Moreover, the high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, and water stability of the asphalt mixture show a decreasing trend under different chloride salt solution concentrations following the negative cubic polynomial function.

After more than 500 shots, the flashover voltage showed a trend of picking up again for a few shots and then after 600 shots, the flashover voltage decreased slowly with the fluctuations.

On the contrary, for the frozen state the values of both the properties show an increasing trend as the temperature decreases.

Obviously, under the circular economy principle, focusing on waste recycling, the amounts of reused industrial waste indicated an increasing trend over the past decade, reaching an industrial waste reuse and recycling rate of over 80%.

Thereafter, the reported amounts showed a decreasing trend from 2019.

The third step represents the equilibrium stage in which the removal of the adsorbate becomes almost insignificant, due to the exhaustion of adsorption active sites.

However, the CTOD-R curves show a decreasing trend in fracture toughness with the increase in the hydrogen charging time.

A decreasing trend is visible, i.e., the BV/TV ratio seems to decrease with the increase of the scale factor ( Figure 3 ).

In the case of both dry and lubricated conditions, a clear trend was found of a reduction of the coefficient of friction with nominal pressure.

In the left fragment of CE there are quite significant Δ a fluctuations, but generally, the a value is smaller compared to the right fragment of CE.

A clear trend towards low and moderate scanning rates (0.1 to 1 mV/s) is observed.