Excerpts

The R po values showed an increasing trend from 0.11 MΩ cm 2 (1 h) to 1.14 MΩ cm 2 (after 7 days), which, given that the R po remains constant and n po fluctuates around 0.98, could be attributed to the effective formation of a more compact layer with high resistance to ion transport.

The mixing process has a highly significant effect on the Marshall stability and coefficient of the area–distance variation in CRAM specimens, and a significant effect on bulk density and void ratio.

Therefore, the cooling rate exhibited an increasing trend along the penetration direction, further influencing the microstructure and mechanical properties.

For the cathodic polarization curves, a clear trend emerges: as the cathodic overpotential goes up, the cathodic corrosion current first rises rapidly and then increases at a slower rate.

The Ra values show a clear trend: the addition of natural modifiers increases surface roughness, which may influence functional properties such as gloss, interlayer adhesion, and resistance to soiling.

In contrast, the ion concentrations of Na + and Cl − show a decreasing trend.

pH and Ion Concentration Analysis As shown in Figure 6 a, the pH value of the surrounding water and the results of Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) tests on the CBPC cement after water freeze–thaw cycling treatment indicate that with an increase in the number of freeze–thaw cycles, the surface water pH value exhibits an increasing trend toward alkalinity.

Overall, in the first three fatigue healing tests, the fatigue life healing index showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, while in the last two fatigue healing tests, it changed slightly.

Under the same deformation rate, it can be clearly seen that the flow stress shows a decreasing trend with the increase of temperature.

From the results of the between-subjects effect test, it can be seen that the significance p -value of factor A, raw yarn material, is less than 0.001, indicating that yarn type has a highly significant effect on the fabric ABTS radical scavenging rate.

The average wear volumes of the T600, T650, and T700 samples are 1.50 ± 0.17 × 10 −3 mm 3 , 2.0 ± 0.2 × 10 −3 mm 3 , and 2.17 ± 0.15 × 10 −3 mm 3 , respectively, showing an increasing trend with higher tempering temperature.

A clear trend with fibre length is observed (≈ 3 mm > 6 mm > 10 mm), along with a length-dependent effect of fibre content: at 3 mm, increasing from 1 to 2 wt.% enhances σ y,c ; at 6–10 mm, higher content tends to provide no improvement or even reduce σ y,c .

The influence of fiber-inherent mechanical properties remained dominant, i.e., polyester was stronger as a synthetic fiber which resulted in the highest bursting strength followed by a decreasing trend towards the polyester/cotton blend and cotton.

For the UDM, the evaluated LLFS generally has an increasing trend with an increasing sample size.

Furthermore, Figure 13 d,f reveal an important trend: as porosity increases, localized deviations beyond the error bands may occur, even though the overall TPCF errors remain below the defined thresholds.

The force–deflection curves for QS samples show an increasing trend, suggesting that as the deflection increases, the force also increases.

A clear trend was observed: as the aluminum content increased, the melting peak temperature (T p ) shifted to lower temperatures.

For KYBC600, the TCH adsorption capacity initially increased with rising temperature but exhibited a decreasing trend at 35 °C, albeit with a minor decline.

3 steels, the final bainite content shows a decreasing trend with the increase in isothermal temperature.

In Figure 10 d, the CIE generally exhibits an increasing trend with the rise in partitioning temperature for each quenching temperature of the three steels, and on the whole, the No. 3 steel shows a higher CIE compared with that of the other steels. 3.3.

Figure 12 illustrates that the strain values at different strain gauge positions, as local variables, are quite different and do not exhibit a clear trend.

A clear trend was observed: higher bulk density tends to increase water vapor transport resistance.

As the sintering temperature increased, porosity showed a decreasing trend while compressive strength progressively rises.

In contrast, porosity exhibited an increasing trend as the content of the pore-forming agent rises.

Therefore, the MB value of the reclaimed powder did not show a significant trend of influence on the compressive strength overall. 3.1.3.