Excerpts

With the decrease in the dosage of Class II fly ash and the increase in the dosage of slag, the compressive strength values of specimens in Groups A and B exhibited an increasing trend.

Moreover, as the angle increases, the air permeability shows a decreasing trend.

A further increase from 1100 °C to 1200 °C raises CRI from 62.55% to 65.51%, which maintains an increasing trend, but the trend tends to level off.

A notable trend is the integration of in situ diagnostics into reactor design, enabling real-time monitoring of radical generation and optimization of functional group selectivity.

In contrast to BR46, the removal efficiency of the cationic dye BV10 showed a trend more characteristic of anionic species.

There is a clear trend toward a decrease in the coefficient of anisotropy with strain rate.

As the temperature increased, both UTS and YS values showed a decreasing trend.

As the number of salt cycles increases, both ER 1 and ER 2 exhibit a decreasing trend.

As SF content increased from 6% to 10%, the 3-day compressive strength showed an increasing trend.

By employing the enhanced SAM method to quantify the three-dimensional morphology of the fracture surface of sandstone, a significant correlation was identified between fractal dimension and rupture mechanisms, showing a decreasing trend in fractal dimension with the transition of damage mechanisms from tensile to shear fractures [ 20 ].

Ceramic and Mechanic Properties Evaluation Figure 6 a shows the percentage of material degradation after sintering, indicating a clear trend of decreasing weight loss with increasing lithium content.

A clear trend is observed across all samples, with a pronounced increase in the absorption intensities corresponding to hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups, accompanied by a noticeable decrease in the aliphatic C–H stretching bands as the UV exposure time increases.

It is estimated that the United States alone (and aggregate estimates in Europe and Asia are on an increasing trend) spends over 50 billion dollars yearly on the medical expenses linked to falls of older adults [ 8 , 9 ].

For shives with a moisture content of 5.39%, an increasing trend in thermal conductivity is visible as density increases within the analyzed range.

Therefore, it is quite significant to develop a low-cost, readily available material that is capable of effectively improving Cr 3 C 2 –NiCr coating structure and properties.

With the increase in vibration time, the energy absorbed from vibration gradually decreases, and the energy utilization efficiency also shows a decreasing trend.

A clear trend of increasing density is observed with each deformation stage, attributed to the enhanced packing and reduction in porosity that occur because of plastic deformation.

As the wire feed speed increases within the range of 3.5 m/min to 7.5 m/min, the width and height of the WAAM parts generally show an increasing trend.

When the wire feed speed increased from 5.5 m/min to 7.5 m/min, the hardness generally exhibited a decreasing trend.

As the thickness of the hydrophilic layer increased, the breaking stress of the composite fiber membrane showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.

Through Figure 10 b, we can see that the acceptor density also shows an increasing trend with the increase in chloride ion concentration.

As the ring power or scanning frequency increased further, the tensile strengths of the joints showed a decreasing trend.

With increasing Zr content, the bonding force exhibits a decreasing trend, indicating that the elastic modulus gradually decreases.

For the modified samples, the nanoadditive contributed to a reduction in the heat of fusion of less than 20%, with a decreasing trend as the h-BN content increased.

As the Cr content increased from 0.05 to 0.25 wt.%, the area fraction and average area of Fe-rich phases showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.