Excerpts

The results showed a small to moderately significant negative correlation between anxiety and Chinese achievement ( r = −0.28, p < 0.001; Plonsky and Oswald, 2014 ), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) ranging from −0.42 to −0.12.

As we had expected, the main effect of Manipulations was highly significant, F (3,63) = 130.82, p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.862.

Separate analyses revealed that the effect of Condition was highly significant in L1 ( F (1, 1939.5) = 23.8, p < 0.001), but there was no such effect in L2 ( F (1, 1939.5) = 1.35, p = 0.246).

The SQ of secondary school students showed an increasing trend (β = 0.02, SE = 0.02, P < 0.001), and the current results were consistent with the research hypothesis (II).

For model 3 predicting the behavioral factor II as a response, which was mainly comprised of the proportion of time tail wagging, licking the trainer’s hand or face, and the frequency of lips licking, we found a clearly significant full-null model comparison (c2 = 27.44, df = 6, p < 0.001).

A highly significant interaction Mask x Inversion [ F (1, 29) = 24.92, MSE = 0.020, p < 0.001] revealed that the inversion effect was larger in the unmasked [ t (29) = 15.28, p < 0.001] than in the masked [ t (29) = 10.26, p < 0.001] condition, a result that is in accordance with the holistic prediction.

Additionally, a two-way interaction between ownership and valence (stock outcome) approached significance, F (1, 21) = 13.68, p = 0.001, η 2 partial = 0.394, suggesting that the gain–loss effect was inconsistent between the two different owners (self, other).

There was significant main effect of perceptual load, F (1, 19) = 290.86, p < 0.001, η 2 p = 0.94, with faster RTs in the low load condition (631 ms) than in the high load condition (1207 ms); and, there was also a marginally significant main effect of singleton distractor presence, F (1, 19) = 17.72, p < 0.001, η 2 p = 0.48, with RTs in the neutral distractor condition (937 ms) being slower than RTs in the singleton distractor absent condition (901 ms).

Test-retest reliabilities were highly significant across AOM timepoints for the risk perception index ( r = 0.814, p < 0.001).

Not surprisingly, the main effect of serial position was highly significant in all three ANOVAs ( p < 0.001, η p 2 > 0.48).

The term “highly significant” is often used to refer to studies with < 1 possibility in 1,000 that the results are due to chance, or p < 0.001.

However, the interaction effect turned out to be highly significant [ F (1,15) = 18.74, p = 0.001, η_p^2 = 0.55].

The results demonstrated that different strategy patterns exhibited highly significant differences across all five dimensions ( p < 0.001).

A mixed-design ANOVA on the total efficacy score indicated a highly significant main effect of Time, F (1, 479) = 311.17, p < 0.001, η p 2 = 0.39.

All four polynomial terms of position were very highly significant (p < 0.001), suggesting that the percentages of hapax nouns out of all words across positions in turns develop across three points of inflection, of which the last sets the stage for a steep rise in percentages of hapax nouns toward turn-final position ( Figure 6 ).

Emotional value had a highly significant positive effect on store loyalty ( p < 0.001), supporting hypothesis H6b.

Crucially, a highly significant Group × Modality interaction was observed [ F (2, 697.78) = 6.68, p = 0.001], confirming that native speakers and learners employ distinct strategies in modulating global pitch range to signal sentence function.

simulation) was highly significant ( p < 0.001) with a moderate effect (Cohen's d = 0.53).

When the data were disaggregated by the window, there was a moderately significant correlation between windows 1 and 2 ( r = 0.383, p < 0.001).

At midline leads (Cz/FCz), the 2 face type × 2 group × 2 attachment × 3 lead repeated measures ANOVA solely revealed a highly significant main effect for lead, F (1, 33) = 12.12, p = 0.001, η p 2 = 0.27, with Nc amplitude responses being more negative at FCz ( M = −6.84, SE = 0.65) than Cz ( M = −5.33, SE = 0.68).

The result showed a highly significant logistic component, t 58 = 20.19, p > 0.001, that captures a sigmoid-shaped function consistent with a category boundary (Harnad, 1987 ; Figure 3 ).

The final model, based on three variables (see Table 7 ) was clearly significant F (3,69) = 9.87, p < 0.001, and explained a relatively large portion of the variance (adjusted R 2 explaining 27% of the variance).

The Wilcoxon signed-rank test shows a highly significant difference between participation in each type of activity ( Z = −6.05, p < 0.001).

Results and discussion A significant improvement in EWSE Following the 15-week teaching intervention, students’ overall writing self-efficacy significantly increased (M = 2.75, SD = 0.79) compared to pretest levels (M = 1.56, SD = 0.33), with a highly significant difference, t (19) = 8.32, p < 0.001.

According to the results, there is a positive and highly significant impact of Job Security on Depression (β = 0.293; p <0.001) and Anxiety (β = 0.213; p = 0.001).