Excerpts

The rhizome yield per plant exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with the following characters viz., weight of primary rhizomes per plant (0.890), number of primary rhizomes per plant (0.690), weight of mother rhizomes per plant (0.672), weight of secondary rhizomes per plant (0.658), number of mother rhizomes per plant (0.532), number of secondary rhizomes per plant (0.498), girth of mother rhizome (0.444), length of primary rhizome (0.320), girth of primary rhizome (0.304), length of mother rhizome (0.254) and primary rhizome core diameter (0.234).

The average annual yield of the wheat-maize rotation system showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing as the manure substitution ratio increased.

The REN showed a decreasing trend when the chicken manure substitution ratio was greater than 60% and reached a significant reduction level when it was greater than 80%.

The germination index of the wheat seeds treated with the base extract showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing, indicating that some toxic substances were produced by the heap during the aging process.

In shady slopes, STC : STN changed irregularly with soil depth, and both STC : STP and STN : STP showed a decreasing trend with increasing soil depth. 3.4.

The rate of loss of CHG methylation levels also differed across mutants in different ONSEN copies compared to WT, but all showed a slight trend of loss ( Figure 5C ).

Despite vegetation models suggest that CO 2 fertilization is the main driver of greening on the global scale, other factors might be significant at the regional scale.

For instance, qCL4-2 / qCV4-2 , the maximum absolute difference in coleoptile length between the two alleles was 0.36 cm, and the volume difference was 2.44 mm 3 which was highly significant.

However, from the third day, the CD of TD70 was significantly larger than that of Kasalath, and the difference was significant or extremely significant until the sixth day.

In the GWAS for heading date (density histograms for observed phenotypic data are presented in Supplementary Figure 1 ), sixteen highly significant marker-trait associations were identified by GAPIT (seven by FarmCPU and nine by BLINK model).

The differential expression of other DEGs showed an increasing trend with the increasing submergence time.

Under Si application conditions, the Cd content of brown rice in YXYLS showed a decreasing trend, so YXYLS was also classified as a Si-inhibited variety.

YHSM only shows an increasing trend in the root-stem transport coefficient after Si spraying, but the stem-panicle, leaf-panicle, panicle-glume, and panicle-grain transport coefficients are decreased.

However, an increasing trend for both soluble sugars and total free amino acids was seen by the foliar application of nano-nutrients solution. 1% treatment of nano-nutrientss maximized total soluble sugars by 2-fold and, 5% concentration increased total free amino acids by 4.5 and 5-fold under drought and control conditions respectively as compared to plants with no treatment of nano-nutrientss.

With decreasing water treatments, yield decreased significantly, and the trend of GYUA was T1>T2>T3, while WUE showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, with high statistical significance.

The amount of abscisic acid in leaves showed a decreasing trend in MDR and IDR in the first season (40% and 30%) and the second season (49% and 33%) compared with untreated ZnO NP plants.

Instead, the behaviour of citrate and isocitrate showed an increasing trend, under salinity stress, although only citrate was statistically significant.

The malate and oxalate were reported a decreasing trend under salinity stress compared to the control, however, only malate variation was statistically significant.

All in all, these findings might be significant for understanding the roles of the LcCCR13 gene in lignin biosynthesis in the stems of L. chinense .

(1994) , which initiates the exploration of a null or random subset and selects the highly significant feature.

Likewise, WUE i of hybrids and the parents showed an increasing trend in the 2018 growing season ( Figure 4B ).

Within each growing season, the plant height of both hybrids and the female parent showed a trend of first increasing and then peaking in August or September.

An interesting trend of changes was observed for SOD activity, as its activity was upregulated in all Mn treatments ( Figure 4E ).

Among them, AhPLDδ4A showed a continuous increase with the prolongation of cold time, the fold change (FC) at 48 h of cold stress reached 23.48; AhPLDα3A , AhPLDα5A and AhPLDβ1A showed a trend of increasing (0-6 h) first and then decreasing (6-48 h), peaking at 6 h of cold stress with the FC values of 37.19, 27.86 and 16.11, respectively; similarly, AhPLDζ3A and AhPLDφA also showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, while their expression level was increased again after 48 h of cold stress.

The latitudes and longitudes, vegetation coverage, AGB, moisture content, species richness, and community height of the four study areas are presented in Table 1 , which shows that each statistical indicator exhibits a decreasing trend with increasing grassland degradation gradient.