Excerpts

Our results showed that the vegetation in the TRHR responded positively to restoration: 89% of pixels showed an increasing trend and 54% of pixels underwent an abrupt change.

These results indicated a clear trend of rapid vegetation recovery after each project.

However, the grain biomass increased by 2.4%–20.4%, and total biomass showed a decreasing trend when excessive PFM was embedded in the farmland.

Nevertheless, there was some significant difference in the summer maize experiment, the plant height showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the growth of PFM volume, and the variation range of the PFM groups was −3.3%–5.5% compared with the control groups ( R 2 = −0.74 and −0.56, p > 0.05).

Moreover, implications derived from seed coat thickness ratio analysis ( Figure 9B ) showed a low degree of characterization of seed coat thickness ratio among these distinct years, as seen by the mean value ranging between 0.031 and 0.034 showing an increasing trend — that was, the relative thickness of the seed coat increased.

Through Pearson correlation analysis of 11 phenotypic characteristics of cotton seeds ( Figure 5 ), it revealed a highly significant positive correlation between the volume and surface area of the seed and the volume and surface area of the seed kernel, as well as the volume of the seed coat (r = 0.57~0.83, P < 0.001).

While the seed coat specific surface area increased initially from 1904-1958 to 1990-2020, it underwent a decreasing trend afterwards, but there was no significant variation in seed coat specific surface area among these generational cohorts.

Although the utilization rate showed a decreasing trend, there was no significant change in the soil residual rate (basically maintained at 40%); it seemed likely that there was still a potential for fertilizer nitrogen to be recovered in the later stage.

There was a highly significant positive correlation among NTE, NCR, and NHI, indicating that nitrogen accumulation in the vegetative organs before anthesis was necessary due to the great significance for grain-filling, transport, and distribution of nitrogen after anthesis.

The soil’s physical properties showed a decreasing trend with the depth for different cropping systems and in different ecological regions.

During shadeflecks, A declined near-monotonically, but showed an increasing trend during the diurnal period.

Statistically significant (p < 0.05) results are indicated with exact p-values given in parentheses, and statistically non-significant results are indicated with ns , where suitable p-values of “almost significant” results are indicated. 3.

Thus, there might be significant variability in phytoplankton community structure across different habitats.

Compared to the control group, both intertidal and inland-grown brown seeds showed a decreasing trend in germination percentage.

There is a strong trend of induction of OsIRO2 expression in leaves of Nipponbare interacting with RIN ( Figure 5 ; Supplementary Table 3 ; Supplementary Figure 3 ).

The results showed that both chitinase and β -1,3-glucanase activities in the crude enzyme solution exhibited an increasing trend and then decreasing with the increase of ammonium sulfate saturation.

Interestingly, for SCY highest number of genes was found (eleven) out of five GhPG , one GhPL , and one lncRNA reported encodes the highly significant marker ( NC_053427 .1_2009750) showing the highest phenotypic effects (~16.69%) could be the most promising genes found in the present study that could play a major role in fiber yield trait, which also corroborates with previously reported studies ( Li Z. et al., 2023 ; Sun et al., 2020 ).

Comparing the communities in terms of parentage provided a clear trend towards more identifiable pathogenic species among the ORBV populations, created from the parents OR5630 and Black Valentine, compared to the HYPR populations.

The soil bulk density and sand content among different ecological restoration patterns were lower than that in unrestored grasslands, and they showed a decreasing trend with increasing restoration years.

A total of 10 highly significant marker trait associations (MTAs) were achieved by association mapping.

The drought-tolerant variety was able to maintain high WUE i despite being under SD, while the drought-sensitive variety showed an increase in WUE i under LD followed by a decreasing trend under SD.

The SOD content of HN44 showed a gradual upward trend, and that of SN14 showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

On the other hand, in addition to higher nodule weight (data not shown), plants inoculated with strain B (3B 4-1) exhibited an increased nitrogen fixation rate, albeit only very weakly significant.

Still, inoculant E (36 3-2) showed a trend of highest nitrogenase activity (with a lot of red nodules), albeit without statistical significance towards other strains like G (60 2-1) with the lowest ( Figure 3E -middle panel).

In the context of SW, a notable trend has emerged over the past 15 years, marked by a significant reduction in plant height.