Excerpts

(2014) showed that the root to shoot ratio exhibited a decreasing trend during plant growth, which also demonstrated that desert herbs accumulate more biomass aboveground at the end of their growth to obtain enough photosynthetic products to complete sexual reproduction ( Xiao et al., 2014 ).

The main cell wall component, lignin, and cellulose were increased significantly, and the monosaccharide, such as mannose, glucose, and xylose were increased at an extremely significant level in cfl2 ( Figure 8D and Supplementary Table S6 ).

The papillae were sparse and regularly arranged in both of the adaxial and abaxial epidermis of WT flag leaf, whereas the number of papillae was increased highly significant and their distribution disordered in the flag leaf of the cfl2 mutant ( Figures 3A–D,I,J ).

Although overall panicle length was not significantly different between Svfon2.2 mutant plants and WT and only weakly significant between Svfon2.1 and WT ( Figure 4B , Table 1A ), primary branch number per cm (i.e., branch density) was significantly higher in Svfon2 ( Figure 4C , Table 1A ).

The correlations of TOL and SSI with Ys were negative and highly significant.

Correlations Among 190 RILs with BLUE values of 10 traits, highly significant positive correlations were observed among ZPR, ZBR, IPR, and IBR.

We found moderately significant correlations between flavor and aroma ( R = 0.42) and between flavor and texture ( R = 0.53).

An increase in the yield per grapevine was observed in both seasons with a highly significant increase in yield per grapevine in 100% ET c treatment.

Results Effect of N Levels and Intercropping on Wheat Disease Development Powdery Mildew Disease Development In the 2-year experiment, it was found that the incidence and disease index of powdery mildew in monocropped and intercropped wheat displayed an increasing trend as the levels of N increased ( Figure 2 and Table 2 ).

Both TPC and TFC in group Q showed a decreasing trend compared to the control after chilling treatment, with the lowest values at 36 and 48 h, respectively ( Figures 2A , B ).

In general, most phenolic compounds showed confusing trends in the two groups; whereas the total content of phenolic compounds exhibited a significant trend after chilling treatment.

Mrva and Mares (2001b) reported the first QTL to be associated with variation in LMA phenotype in a Cranbrook (LMA-susceptible) x Halberd (LMA-resistant) doubled haploid population; a highly significant locus on the long arm of chromosome 7B and a minor locus on 3B.

Between nine and 13 highly significant markers were found to be associated with yield, seed weight, plant height, and maturity among the markers evaluated in advanced and preliminary genotypes screened in field trials.

Hybrid Necrosis Exemplifies a Trade-off Between Immunity and Growth An obvious trend observed for hybrid necrosis cases in A. thaliana and other species is that uncontrolled immune responses negatively impacts on overall plant performance.

Thus, with a few exceptions, there was a clear trend to group the bacterial communities along Axis 1, which explained 51.3% of the variation, mainly by the presence of Vd in the soil mixture, and then along Axis 2, which explained 17.2% of the variation, also according to the inoculation procedure and in a lower extent according to the propagation method, with in vitro -adapted and nursery propagated plants being more similar between them ( Figure 3 ).

Results showed that F-statistic was highly significant (<3.5e-10) meaning that at least, one of the predictor is significantly related to the outcome variable.

ANOVA for all morphological ( Table 11 ) and physiological parameters explained in Table 12 indicated that shoot length, fresh and dry weights, and physiological parameters were highly significant except root length, which was non-significant under salt stress and non-stress conditions.

For concise description, each molecule of vitamin C converted DCIP molecule into DCIPH 2 molecule, and this reaction was examined as a decreasing trend in absorbance at 520 nm was observed.

Genotypic differences for all the morphological and physiological traits revealed highly significant differences except transpiration rate (TR).

On the other hand, ion leakage in mutant ( saur32 ) plants increased after drought stress, and a highly significant leakage was observed at 7 and 15 dpi in saur32 plants, which were > 10 and 26% higher than in WT plants, respectively ( Figure 2F ).

In summary, prediction accuracies for these data sets of high heritability are strong and the observed highly significant phenotypic correlations between trials are also represented by the genetic modeling across trials.

A p -value threshold of 1E-07 (highly significant and far surpassing the Bonferroni correction) was considered as a cutoff to call the significant trait-marker associations.

We found a positive trend in chromosome length and the SSR abundance as marker density enhanced with a shorter chromosome length.

The average FTSWc across the decades had an increasing trend from 1920 (0.23) to 1960 (0.38) ( Figure 2B ).

Besides the terms described above, a further 63 GO terms were not detected in all three genotypes but had highly significant p -values (10% most significant p -values within the 5% FDR) in at least one of the genotypes ( Supplementary File 6 ).