In contrast, it did not exhibit a clear trend in pre/post wildfire periods 2 and 4.
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The Covid-19 hospitalization risk associated with air pollution in New York state counties after the 2023 Quebec wildfires.
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Results: The Covid-19 hospitalization rate followed an increasing trend in the second, third and fourth pre/post-wildfire periods in 2023 in contrast with 2022 when no trends were identified.
The emerging risk trend across the four pre/post wildfire periods in 2023 shows counties with a positive trend clustered in west and central NY which coincide with most counties with average PM2.5 level >10 μg/m 3 , and counties with a significant negative trend clustered in central NY, also in counties with PM2.5 level >10 μg/m 3 .
There was a significant positive risk trend across the 4 periods clustered in counties in the southeast and clusters with a negative trend in west and central NY in 2022.