“nominally significant”

eQTL analysis of the remaining 26 loci (69 protein-coding genes) identified 22 SNP-gene combinations that were nominally significant ( t -test P < 0.05) in all, ER+ or ER− breast cancers (Supplementary Data 6 ), nine of which remained significant after taking account of multiple testing (FDR adjusted t -test P < 0.1,Table 3 ).

These 25 marks were tested for association with prostate cancer, and nominally significant associations (p < 0.05) with aggressive prostate cancer were found for all 9 marks near VTRNA2-1 (Table 1 ), with most remaining nominally significant after dichotomising (Supplementary Table 2), (as previously reported, based on the same datasets [ 5 ]).

For the ΔHR ex trait, published resting HR SNPs at four loci were genome-wide significant ( SOX5 , RNF220 , SYT10 and PPIL1 ), while 25 additional loci were nominally significant (5 × 10 −8 < P < 0.05; Supplementary Data 2 ).

Three out of 11 HbA 1c -associated SNPs had nominally significant ( p < 0.05) associations with HbA 1c levels in at least one of the three race-ethnic groups, but altogether only four of the 33 possible associations (11 SNPs x three race-ethnic groups) were significant ( p < 0.05).

Differential gene expression analyses of CD11b + cells in VAT and SAT from individuals with obesity revealed nominally significant differences in the gene expression profile (FDR p < 0.05, absolute fold change > 1.5; Figure 1A,B ).

Testing 20 candidate SNPs for which we had data available, we find directionally consistent, nominally significant associations for six loci (p < 0.05, one-sided test), of which three have sex-specific effects.

Of these 57 lipid species, only 2 showed nominally significant mediation effects ( p <0.05, FDR >0.60, Supplementary Table 10 ) on the reverse association between PFAS mixture exposure and MACCE risk.

For each bootstrap replicate, two statistics were computed: (i) whether the global log-rank test remained nominally significant ( P < 0.05), yielding a bootstrap significance rate; and (ii) whether the same subgroup retained the best and worst survival ordering as in the original data, yielding a direction-consistency measure. “Bootstrap-stable prognostic stratification” was defined as FDR < 0.05 together with a bootstrap significance rate ≥ 80% and direction consistency ≥ 80%.

Among the top 10 CpG sites from the meta‐analysis, five CpG sites were at least nominally significant (unadjusted p value < 0.05) in all three cohorts, namely cg18609149 ( AC009950.2 ) for p‐tau, cg00679256 ( RP11‐56I23.1 ) and cg09606840 ( DNPH1 ) for Aβ42+ vs.

To obtain stringent TFBS predictions, an empirical score distribution was estimated for each PWM for each species' genome as the set of all nominally significant ( P < 0.05) motif scores identified within the target set of promoter sequences [pwm_scan -s 1 -p ln(0.05)].

We evaluated how well independent pQTLs reported by the INTERVAL study 9 ( n = 3301) replicated in our results and found 75.6% to be both directionally consistent and nominally significant ( P < 0.05) (Supplementary Note 2 and Supplementary Figs. 6 and 7 ).

Smoothed methylation values over nominally significant ( p < 0.05) DMRs from each comparison were obtained using the “getMeth” function in the bsseq R package v1.36.0.

In addition, there was substantial enrichment of nominally significant associations ( p <0.05) among disease SNPs.

And, nominally significant results were defined as p < 0.05.

Six of the 23 clinical symptom categories showed nominally significant differences between the carrier and control groups ( p < 0.05, chi-squared test).

Six of the 27 unconditional (22.2%), and 3 of the 13 conditional (23.1%) SNPs had nominally significant ( P <0.05) heterogeneity, much more than the 5% expected by chance ( Supplementary Dataset 1 , Supplementary Tables 1–3 ).

A total of 19 HLA alleles had nominally significant maternal and/or fetal effects on BW ( P <0.05; Supplementary Table S7 , available as Supplementary data at IJE online); 13 of the 19 alleles had evidence for a maternal effect only, four alleles primarily had evidence for a fetal effect only and two alleles had evidence of both.

Using a nominally significant cutoff ( p < 0.05), 30 module-trait relationships emerge, with a range from zero to six significantly correlated modules per trait.

GO analysis of nominally significant genes ( P < 0.05) revealed coherent downregulation of glutamate receptor signaling (adjusted P = 0.031), receptor localization to synapses (adjusted P = 0.031), and GABAergic transmission regulation (adjusted P = 0.034), indicating progressive failure of Müller glia synaptic support functions ( Fig. 6 a; Supplementary Datasets S2 , S3 ).

A logistic distribution was assumed to represent zero inflation and further specification tests were conducted to assess correlates of this component of each analysis model; each covariate was tested separately and all covariates nominally significant (p < 0.05) were included in the inflation equation.

In males, nominally significant interactions (uncorrected P < 0.05) were observed between higher PIV levels and age ( P for interaction = 0.018), education ( P for interaction = 0.011), and alcohol consumption ( P for interaction = 0.018).

For the remaining 12 SNPs, 10 showed the same allele effect direction as in the RS and 6 showed nominally significant association with height ( P < 0.05, Online Resource 2), highlighting GRM4/HMGA1 , GPR126 , CDK6 , HMGA2 , MYO9B , and UQCC1 genes.

For any medication with a nominally significant association ( p < .05), the same analysis was repeated in the chemotherapy group to test for nonspecific effects.

Out of 14 shared knowns that had genome-wide significant associations in OE, 7 had nominally significant ( p < 0.05) and directionally consistent associations in MCDS.

We retained for downstream analyses all loci with nominally significant binomial p values ( p < 0.05) and at least 2 reads (10%) mapped to any allele.